Religions

Content

Origin

Complex of sideboards rituals and customs I found to you on the ancient Chinese wisdom and associates you to the name Confucius, philosopher, political man. Such religion or best thought current more is known, in China, with the name of “school of the men of letters” (rujia), corrected term senz'altro more. Confucius was the sistematore, in a period of crisis and particular tension of the Chinese history of the conception of the world and the social relationships come to form in the remoter antiquity. The confucianism had also other masters beyond to Confucius - like Mencio (372-289 a.C.), Xunzi (289? - 238? a.C.) and Zhu Xi (1130-1200 d.C.) - but to he however the merit of fixed possession goes, for before the time, canone of the books the classics on which all has been founded the successive speculation. With the advent of the Sung dynasty (the 960-1279 d.C.) confucianist thought entered in its new and last phase of elaboration. Beginning from the XII sec. the “neo-Confucianism” rises practically, in direction of the pantheism and under the infuence of the Taoismo and the Buddismo. It is often difficult to distinguish the confucianist thought from the previous philosophical and religious ideas on the origin of the world and the relationships between the things. Secondotai dottrinali guidelines, the world would have origin from the mutual fight and the union of two fundamental principles, yang and yin, respective male principle and feminine principle. Yang, positive, male principle, is the principle of the force, the light and all that that can to you is led back; yin it is its contrary, feminine principle, negative, of the dusk and the weakness generally. One, but, cannot make less of the other neither some is completely separated: the first one presupposes the second and viceversa, without that never one of the two can obtain one Victoria definitive or prevail excluding its dialectic contrary.

Confucius

Confucius is the latinizzato name of Kung Was Tse (master Kung), been born in the 551 a.C to Lu, odierna the Qufu, in the Shandong. Historical Confucius teaching, well-read was minister and test with a continuation of cinquemila follows to us, riverito from all. Its tried ones you of political-philosophical mediation they failed very soon, turned out little incisive the idea to conciliate the pre-feudali ideals (to es. of good will and filial mercy) with those typical ones of its age, dominated from strong territorial and political contrasts that carried to the dismemberment of its reign in various feudali States. Disappointed and displeased it returned to the private instruction, peregrinando in the various States of China, collecting more and more numerous disciples (until it shakes it, it says the tradition) and dedicating themselves to the collection of antichi witnesses It said in fact that “the right to govern does not have it the noble ones of birth, but only who has ability and nobleman behavior”. The extreme confidence in means of the reasoned persuasion carried Confucius and many its disciples, in order not little centuries, to despise the military activity, determining therefore the weakness of China of forehead to the invasions of the mongoli.

Works

The works on which the confucianist school is based are the Five Classics: The book of the mutations (the Yi-ching), most ancient of the classics; the book of Hatreds (Shih-ching) collection of popular songs attributed to the founders of the Chou dynasty; the book deiDocumenti (Shu-ching) anthology of editti and official actions collected tradition from the Chou monarchs second, reorders to you from Confucius; Memories of the Rituals (Them-who) containing propiziatori actions for the fertility of the earth, cult of the ancestors; Springs and autumns (Ch' un-ch' iu) historical book containing the report of the State of Lu. Beyond to the Five classics also the Four Books they are not work of Cofucio of these the Mengzi, explicitly reports to the speeches and the ideas of one of the greater continuatori of its thought, the others, that is the “Great science” (Daxue), “Just half” (the Zhongyong) and “Lunyu Converses” (). The one which would have to be the work from which the thought could emerge more luminosity than Confucius, that is “It converses”, it lacks every sistematicità, and also the titles them that the commentators have intentional to give the various ones understood them correspond only partially to the content. The same one can dirsi of an other work that, even if not inserted between the books of the canone confucianist, is equally authoritative, the “familiar Speeches of Confucius” (Kongzi jiayu).

ODP Links for Confucianism