Parte 3

*Conuropsis carolinensis  CAROLINA PARAKEET.Extinct.  Last specimen 1913; last captive died in 1918.  Riverine forest, cypress swamp, deciduous woodland, farmlands. Formerly from e Nebraska, Iowa, se Wisconsin, s Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and c New York s to s Oklahoma, Louisiana, Gulf states and c Florida.  An agricultural pest -- it was killed in great numbers and habitat was destroyed.

Cyanoliseus patagonus  BURROWING PARAKEET.  Open country, woodland, savanna, farmlands.  Lowlands to 1900 m in Chile and Argentina.

Pyrrhura cruentata  BLUE-THROATED PARAKEET.  Forest.  Lowlands of e Brazil.

Pyrrhura devillei  BLAZE-WINGED PARAKEET.  Forest.  In e Bolivia, n Paraguay and sw Brazil.  Hybridizes with P. frontalis in n Paraguay and they may be conspecific.

Pyrrhura frontalis  MAROON-BELLIED PARAKEET.  Forest.  In se Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and n Argentina.
Pyrrhura perlata  PEARLY PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands of e Amazonian Brazil.

Pyrrhura rhodogaster  CRIMSON-BELLIED PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands in c Amazonian Brazil and n,e Bolivia in Beni and Santa Cruz.

Pyrrhura molinae  GREEN-CHEEKED PARAKEET.  Forest.  Lowlands and mts. to 2000 in Bolivia, nw Argentina and sw Brazil.
Pyrrhura picta  PAINTED PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands of wc Panama; lowlands to 2000 m from n Colombia, nw,s Venezuela and Guianas s, e of Andes, through e Ecuador, Amazonian, n Brazil and se Peru to n Bolivia.
Pyrrhura leucotis  WHITE-EARED PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands of n Venezuela; e Brazil.
Pyrrhura viridicata  SANTA MARTA PARAKEET.  Forest, grassy scrub.  Mts., 2000-2500 m, of ne Colombia.
Pyrrhura egregia  FIERY-SHOULDERED PARAKEET.  Forest.  Pantepui region, 700-1800 m, in se Venezuela, Guyana and Surinam.
Pyrrhura melanura  MAROON-TAILED PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands of c Colombia; lowlands to 1950 m from Colombia and s Venezuela s, w of Andes to nw Ecuador and e of Andes through e Ecuador and ne Peru to w Amazonian Brazil; e Peru.
Pyrrhura orcesi  EL ORO PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Andean foothills, 600-1000 m, of w Ecuador.
Pyrrhura rupicola  BLACK-CAPPED PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands to 300 m in e Peru, n Bolivia and extreme w Amazonian Brazil.
Pyrrhura albipectus  WHITE-NECKED PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands of e Ecuador.
Pyrrhura calliptera  BROWN-BREASTED PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  E. Andes, 1700-3400 m, of ec Colombia.
Pyrrhura hoematotis  RED-EARED PARAKEET.  Humid forest, savanna woodland.  Mts., 1200-2000 m, of n Venezuela.
Pyrrhura rhodocephala  ROSE-HEADED PARAKEET.  Humid forest.  Mts., 800-3050 m, of w Venezuela.
Pyrrhura hoffmanni  SULPHUR-WINGED PARAKEET.  Humid forest, second growth.  Mts., 700-3000 m, in Costa Rica and w Panama.

Enicognathus ferrugineus  AUSTRAL PARAKEET.  Forest, towns, open country.  Lowlands in s Chile and s Argentina.
Enicognathus leptorhynchus  SLENDER-BILLED PARAKEET.  Forest, semi-open country, farmlands.  Lowlands of c Chile.

Myiopsitta monachus  MONK PARAKEET.  Open forest, riverine woodland, acacia scrub, palm groves, orchards, farmlands.  Lowlands to 1560 m in e,se Bolivia, Paraguay, s Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina.  Intro. Bahamas, Puerto Rico, e N. America.
Introduced in the southeastern U.S. and Puerto Rico; present but not established in elsewhere in northeastern North America.

Bolborhynchus aymara  GREY-HOODED PARAKEET.  Dry shrubby areas, scrub.  Andes, 1700-4000 m, in Bolivia, n Chile and nw Argentina.
Bolborhynchus aurifrons  MOUNTAIN PARAKEET.  Steppe, open shrubby areas, towns, woodland, farmlands.  Locally in lowlands and mts. to 4000 m in Peru, c,sw Bolivia, n Chile and w Argentina.
Bolborhynchus lineola  BARRED PARAKEET.  Humid forest, open woodland, savanna.  Locally in highlands, 750-3000 m, from Guerrero, Veracruz and Chiapas s through Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica to w Panama; Andes, 1600-2600 m, in Colombia, w Venezuela, n Ecuador and c Peru.
Bolborhynchus orbygnesius  ANDEAN PARAKEET.  Bushy areas, scrubby slopes.  Andes, 1200-6250 m, in Peru and cw Bolivia.
Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons  RUFOUS-FRONTED PARAKEET.  Scrubby slopes.  C. Andes, 3000-3800 m, of w Colombia.

Forpus cyanopygius  MEXICAN PARROTLET.  Thorn forest, open woodland, savanna, thorn scrub.  Lowlands to 1320 m in s Sonora, Sinaloa, w Durango, Zacatecas, Nayarit (incl. Tres Marías Is.), Jalisco and Colima.
Forpus passerinus  GREEN-RUMPED PARROTLET. Savanna, open woodland, dry forest, edge, acacia scrub, mangroves, farmlands.  Lowlands to 1800 m in ne Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Guianas and Amazonian Brazil.  Intro. Jamaica, Barbados.
Forpus xanthopterygius  BLUE-WINGED PARROTLET.  Dry savanna, scrub, riparian woodland, towns, orchards, farmlands.  Lowlands to 500 m from n,e Colombia, ne Peru and Amazonian,c,e,se Brazil, s to n,e Bolivia, Paraguay and ne Argentina.  Sometimes treated as a race of F. passerinus.
Forpus conspicillatus  SPECTACLED PARROTLET.  Open woodland, forest edge, savanna, thornbush.  Locally in lowlands to 2000 m in e Panama, w,n,e Colombia and sw Venezuela.
Forpus sclateri  DUSKY-BILLED PARROTLET.  Riverine forest, edge, second growth.  Lowlands to 500 m in nc,sc Venezuela, Guyana and French Guiana; to 500 m e of Andes in e Colombia, e Ecuador, e Peru, Amazonian Brazil and n Bolivia.
Forpus coelestis  PACIFIC PARROTLET.  Dry scrub, second growth, farmlands, dry forest.  Lowlands on Pacific slope of Ecuador and nw Peru.
Forpus xanthops  YELLOW-FACED PARROTLET.  Open dry scrub.  Highlands, 1700-1750 m, of n Peru.  Sometimes considered conspecific with coelestis.

Brotogeris tirica  PLAIN PARAKEET.  Open country, woodland, palm groves, towns.  Lowlands of e,se Brazil.
Brotogeris versicolurus  CANARY-WINGED PARAKEET.  Open forest, edge, woodland, scrub, savanna.  Lowlands to 300 m from extreme se Colombia, e Ecuador and French Guiana s to e Peru, Amazonian Brazil and e Paraguay.  Intro. s Calif., wc,se Florida, Puerto Rico, w Peru.
Brotogeris chiriri  YELLOW-CHEVRONED PARAKEET.  Open forest, edge, woodland, scrub, savanna.  Lowlands to 1560 m from n,e Bolivia and nw Argentina e through c,s Brazil and e Paraguay to ne Argentina.  Often considered to be a race of B. versicolurus, but they are apparently sympatric in e Pará, Brazil.  Introduced but not certainly established in southern Florida.
Brotogeris pyrrhopterus  GREY-CHEEKED PARAKEET.  Arid scrub.  Lowlands in w Ecuador and nw Peru.
Brotogeris jugularis  ORANGE-CHINNED PARAKEET.  Open woodland, second growth, forest edge, arid scrub.  Pacific lowlands to 1400 m in sw Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, n Colombia and w Venezuela.
Brotogeris cyanoptera  COBALT-WINGED PARAKEET.  Savanna, woodland.  Lowlands to 500 m e of Andes from se Colombia and s Venezuela s through e Ecuador to Amazonian Peru, w Amazonian Brazil and n,e Bolivia; n Peru.  Includes gustavi, which may be a separate species, but intermediates occur in the lower Huallaga valley of n Peru.
Brotogeris chrysopterus  GOLDEN-WINGED PARAKEET.  Forest, edge, savanna.  Lowlands to 1200 m in e Venezuela, Guianas and e,c Amazonian Brazil.
Brotogeris sanctithomae  TUI PARAKEET.  Second growth, swamps, riverine woodland.  Lowlands to 100 m in se Colombia, ne Peru, w Amazonian Brazil and n Bolivia.

Nannopsittaca panychlora  TEPUI PARROTLET.  Humid forest.  Pantepui, 750-1850 m, in s Venezuela and w Guyana; ne Venezuela.
Nannopsittaca dachilleae  AMAZONIAN PARROTLET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands in se Peru and nw Bolivia.  A distinct species that seems to be an allospecies of N. panychlora.  See Auk 108:225, 1991.

Touit batavica  LILAC-TAILED PARROTLET.  Forest, second growth.  Lowlands to 1700 m in w,n,se Venezuela, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago.
Touit huetii  SCARLET-SHOULDERED PARROTLET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands to 400 m e of Andes from se Colombia, e,s Venezuela, and Guyana s through e Ecuador and e Peru to n Bolivia and n Brazil.
Touit costaricensis  RED-FRONTED PARROTLET.  Humid forest.  Lowlands to 1250 m (ranges up to 3000 m) in Costa Rica and w Panama.
Sometimes treated as a race of T. dilectissima.
Touit dilectissima  BLUE-FRONTED PARROTLET.  Humid forest, open woodland.  Lowlands to 1720 m in e Panama, w,ne Colombia, nw Venezuela and nw Ecuador.
Touit purpurata  SAPPHIRE-RUMPED PARROTLET.  Savanna, forest.  Lowlands to 400 m e of Andes from se Colombia, s Venezuela and Guianas s to n Brazil.
Touit melanonota  BROWN-BACKED PARROTLET.  Forest.  Coastal lowlands of e Brazil.
Touit surda  GOLDEN-TAILED PARROTLET.  Forest.  Coastal lowlands and adjacent highlands of e Brazil.
Touit stictoptera  SPOT-WINGED PARROTLET.  Forest.  Locally in mts., 600-2300 m, in Colombia, Ecuador and n Peru.

Pionites melanocephala  BLACK-HEADED PARROT.  Forest, savanna.  Lowlands to 1100 m e of Andes from se Colombia, s,ne Venezuela and Guianas s to e Ecuador, ne Peru and n Brazil.
Pionites leucogaster  WHITE-BELLIED PARROT.  Forest.  Lowlands e of Andes in e Ecuador, e Peru, n,e Bolivia and Amazonian Brazil.

Pionopsitta pileata  PILEATED PARROT.  Humid forest, orchards.  Lowlands in se Brazil, Paraguay and ne Argentina.
Pionopsitta haematotis  BROWN-HOODED PARROT.  Humid forest, edge, woodland.  Lowlands and mts. to 3100 m from s Mexico s on Gulf-Caribbean slope of C. America to Nicaragua, both slopes of Costa Rica and Panama, and nw Colombia.
Pionopsitta pulchra  ROSE-FACED PARROT.  Humid forest, tall second growth, woodland.  Lowlands to 2100 m in w Colombia and w Ecuador.
Pionopsitta barrabandi  ORANGE-CHEEKED PARROT.  Humid forest, woodland.  Lowlands to 500 m e of Andes from se Colombia and s Venezuela s through e Ecuador and e Peru to n Bolivia and w Amazonian Brazil.
Pionopsitta pyrilia  SAFFRON-HEADED PARROT.  Humid forest, edge, tall second growth.  Lowlands to 1700 m in extreme e Panama, n Colombia and nw Venezuela.
Pionopsitta caica  CAICA PARROT.  Humid forest.  Lowlands to 1100 m in se Venezuela, Guianas and n Brazil.

Gypopsitta vulturina  VULTURINE PARROT.  Humid forest.  Lowlands s of Amazon from e Amazonas e to Pará-Maranhão border, and s to sw Pará; erroneously recorded from Venezuela and Guyana.

Hapalopsittaca melanotis  BLACK-WINGED PARROT.  Humid forest.  Andes, 2500-3100 m, in c Peru and wc Bolivia.
Hapalopsittaca amazonina  RUSTY-FACED PARROT.  Humid forest.  Andes, 2000-3600 m in e,sc Colombia, nw Venezuela and n,c Ecuador.
Hapalopsittaca fuertesi  INDIGO-WINGED PARROT.  Humid forest.  C. Andes of wc Colombia.
Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops  RED-FACED PARROT.  Humid forest.  Andes in s Ecuador and nw Peru.

Graydidascalus brachyurus  SHORT-TAILED PARROT.  Humid forest, swampy second growth, riverine forest.  Lowlands to 400 m e of Andes in se Colombia, e Ecuador, e Peru and Amazonian,ne Brazil.

Pionus menstruus  BLUE-HEADED PARROT.  Humid forest, edge, farmlands.  Lowlands to 1500 m from e Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Guianas s, w of Andes to w Ecuador and e of Andes to e Peru, n,e Bolivia and Amazonian,e Brazil.
Pionus sordidus  RED-BILLED PARROT.  Humid forest.  Foothills and mts., 300-2200 m in n Venezuela, Colombia, w,e Ecuador, e Peru and c Bolivia.
Pionus maximiliani  SCALY-HEADED PARROT.  Forest, open woodland.  Lowlands in n,e,se Bolivia, Paraguay, e,s Brazil and n Argentina.
Pionus tumultuosus  SPECKLE-FACED PARROT.  Humid forest, usually near water, farmlands.  Andes, 1200-3000 m in s Colombia, nw Venezuela, Ecuador and n Peru; Andes, 2000-2800 m, in nw,e Peru and wc Bolivia.  Includes seniloides.
Pionus senilis  WHITE-CROWNED PARROT.  Humid forest, edge, open woodland, savanna, farmlands.  Lowlands to 1600 m on Gulf-Caribbean slope from San Luis Potosí, s Tamaulipas and Yucatán Pen. s through e,s Mexico and C. America to Costa Rica and w Panama.
Pionus chalcopterus  BRONZE-WINGED PARROT.  Humid forest.  Foothills and mts., 1400-2800 m in nw Venezuela and Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and nw Peru.  Ranges to lower elevations.
Pionus fuscus  DUSKY PARROT.  Humid forest.  Locally in lowlands to 1800 m e of Andes in ne Colombia, s Venezuela, Guianas and n Brazil.

Amazona leucocephala  CUBAN PARROT.  Forest, open woodland, arid scrub.  In Bahamas, Cuba (incl. Isle of Pines) and Cayman Is. on Grand Cayman and Cayman Brac; formerly on Little Cayman.
Amazona collaria  YELLOW-BILLED PARROT.  Humid forest, farmlands.
Jamaica, mainly in mts.
Amazona ventralis  HISPANIOLAN PARROT.  Forest, farmlands.  Hispaniola, incl. Gonâve, Grande Cayemite, Beata and Saona is.  Intro. Puerto Rico, Virgin Is.
Amazona albifrons  WHITE-FRONTED PARROT.  Deciduous forest, open woodland, second growth, scrub, savanna, farmlands.  Lowlands from s Sonora, Sinaloa, w Durango, se Veracruz and Yucatán Pen. s on Pacific slope of Middle America to nw Costa Rica and Gulf-Caribbean slope to Honduras.
Amazona xantholora  YELLOW-LORED PARROT.  Deciduous forest, woodland, arid second growth.  Lowlands in se Mexico, Belize and Isla Roatán in the Bay Is., off n Honduras.
Amazona agilis  BLACK-BILLED PARROT.  Forest.  Hills and mts. of w Jamaica (absent from the Blue and Jim Crow mts. in e Jamaica).
Amazona vittata  PUERTO RICAN PARROT.  Forest, open woodland.  Puerto Rico.  A small population survives in the Sierra de Luquillo; formerly widespread, incl. Culebra I.
Amazona tucumana  TUCUMAN PARROT.  Alder forest.  Mts., 1800-2000 m in se Bolivia and n Argentina.
Amazona pretrei  RED-SPECTACLED PARROT.  Forest, primarily Araucaria.  Lowlands in ne Argentina, se Brazil, possibly se Paraguay and n Uruguay.
Amazona viridigenalis  RED-CROWNED PARROT.  Forest, woodland, farmlands.  Lowlands of ne Mexico in Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, and extreme ne Veracruz.  Intro. Hawaiian Is., s Calif., s Texas (perhaps from wild vagrants) s Florida, Puerto Rico.
Amazona finschi  LILAC-CROWNED PARROT.  Deciduous forest, pine-oak woodland, second growth, farmlands.  Lowlands of Pacific slope of w Mexico from se Sonora and sw Chihuahua s to Oaxaca.
Amazona autumnalis  RED-LORED PARROT.  Forest, mangroves, second growth, woodland, pine savanna, farmlands.  Lowlands to 1100 m on Gulf-Caribbean slope from San Luis Potosí and Tamaulipas (absent from Yucatán Pen. and Quintana Roo) s to Honduras inc. Bay Is.; e Nicaragua, both slopes of Costa Rica and Panama (incl. Coiba and Pearl is.), and to 1000 m in w,n Colombia, w Ecuador and nw Venezuela; nw Amazonian Brazil between R. Negro and R. Solimões.
Amazona dufresniana  BLUE-CHEEKED PARROT.  Humid forest.  Foothills and mts., 1000-1700 m in se Venezuela and Guianas.
Amazona rhodocorytha  RED-BROWED PARROT.  Riverine forest, mangroves, open woodland.  Lowlands of e Brazil.  Sometimes treated as a race of A. dufresniana.
Amazona brasiliensis  RED-TAILED PARROT.  Forest.  Littoral lowlands of se Brazil.
Amazona festiva  FESTIVE PARROT.  Riverine forest, savanna.  Lowlands to 500 m e of Andes in e Colombia, s Venezuela, nw Guyana, e Ecuador, e Peru and w Amazonian Brazil.
Amazona xanthops  YELLOW-FACED PARROT.  Scrubby deciduous woodland, cerrado.  Inland in e Bolivia and c,e Brazil.
Amazona barbadensis  YELLOW-SHOULDERED PARROT.  Thorn scrub, savanna, arid woodland.  Arid coastal lowlands of n Venezuela, in Falcón and Anzoátegui, incl. islands of Bonaire, Blanquilla and Margarita; formerly Aruba.
Amazona aestiva  BLUE-FRONTED PARROT.  Forest, woodland, farmlands.  Lowlands in n,e,se Bolivia, Paraguay, e Brazil and ne Argentina.
Amazona oratrix  YELLOW-HEADED PARROT.  Deciduous forest, open woodland, pine ridges.  Pacific slope from Colima s to Oaxaca; Gulf-Caribbean slope of Mexico from s Nuevo León and Tamaulipas s to Veracruz and Tabasco; Belize, extreme nw Honduras.  A. oratrix, auropalliata and ochrocephala are often considered to be conspecific, but lack of interbreeding in areas of overlap suggests they are allospecies.
Amazona auropalliata  YELLOW-NAPED PARROT.  Deciduous forest, thorn scrub, open woodland, pine savanna, farmlands.  Pacific slope from extreme e Oaxaca s to nw Costa Rica; n Honduras; pine savanna of Mosquitia in e Honduras and ne Nicaragua.
Amazona ochrocephala  YELLOW-CROWNED PARROT.  Forest, savanna, woodland, farmlands.  N Honduras (possibly introduced in the Sula valley); Panama (incl. Coiba and Pearl is.) and from nw,n,e Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Guianas s, e of Andes, to e Ecuador, e Peru, n Bolivia and Amazonian, n Brazil.
Amazona amazonica  ORANGE-WINGED PARROT.  Forest edge, woodland, savanna, mangroves, farmlands.  Lowlands to 1100 m from n,e Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago and Guianas s, e of Andes, through e Ecuador and e Peru, n Bolivia to Amazonian and e Brazil.
Amazona mercenaria  SCALY-NAPED PARROT.  Humid forest, edge, woodland.  Mts., 1600-3600 m, from Colombia and nw Venezuela and s through Andes of Ecuador and Peru to n,e Bolivia.
Amazona farinosa  MEALY PARROT.  Humid forest, riverine forest.  Lowlands to 1100 m on Gulf-Caribbean slope from s Veracruz, s Campeche and n Oaxaca (absent from Yucatán Pen. and Quintana Roo) s to Nicaragua, both slopes of Costa Rica and Panama, and from Colombia and w,s Venezuela s, w of Andes to w Ecuador and e of  Andes to e Ecuador, e Peru, n,e Bolivia and Amazonian,e Brazil.  See A. kawalli.
Amazona kawalli  KAWALL'S PARROT.  Forest.  Central Amazonian Brazil on Rio Juruá, Amazonas; Rio Tapajós, Pará.  Related to farinosa and occurs within the range of farinosa, perhaps in sympatry.
Amazona vinacea  VINACEOUS PARROT.  Forest.  Lowlands in se Brazil, e Paraguay and ne Argentina.
Amazona versicolor  ST. LUCIA PARROT.  Forest.  Mts. of St. Lucia, in the Lesser Antilles.
Amazona arausiaca  RED-NECKED PARROT.  Forest.  Mts. of Dominica, in the Lesser Antilles.
Amazona guildingii  ST. VINCENT PARROT.  Forest.  Mts. of St. Vincent in the Lesser Antilles; ranges to lowland forest.
Amazona imperialis  IMPERIAL PARROT.  Forest.  Mts. of Dominica, in the Lesser Antilles.

Deroptyus accipitrinus  RED-FAN PARROT.  Humid forest, savanna, woodland.  Lowlands to 400 m e of Andes from se Colombia, s Venezuela and Guianas s locally through e Ecuador to ne Peru and Amazonian,n Brazil.

Triclaria malachitacea  BLUE-BELLIED PARROT.  Forest, woodland, orchards, towns.  Lowlands of se Brazil from s Bahia s to Rio Grande do Sul.

Parrots