Programming cables (programmers) for most types of radios are based on the same principles. Programmers perform voltage conversion between RS-232 levels and radio specific levels. Usually radio FPUs have CMOS input and output levels shifted by protection elements. Progamming circuits for several radio types are shown on Fig.1.


Fig. 1. Programming cirquits of various radios

Fig. 1a - mobile KENWOODs TK-760/860(G), Fig. 1b - portable KENWOODs (TK-378), Fig. 1c - portable VERTEX VX-10, Fig. 1d - portable YAESU FT-11R/41R, Fig. 1e - mobile MOTOROLA GM-300, Fig. 1f - mobile VERTEX FTL-1011/7011, Fig. 1g - some mobile ICOM radios. Fig. 1h shows how the programmer interacts with the radio programming input/output.

A thorough analysis of radios programming cirquits leads to the following programmer schematics.


Fig. 2. Programming cable schematic diagram

Usage of Schmitt trigger (VT3, VT4) with high logic zero threshold (V-=1.7V) is essential if the input and output buses are linked together. This is due to the voltage divider Rk/R1 (see Fig. 1h) which shifts up the logic zero volage.







Fig. 3. Programmer connectors to radios (jacks for mobile radios are shown as they are plugged into sockets)


Fig. 4. GP-340 connector (draft by K. Bokhanov)

VT1, VT3, VT4 transistors may be BC847 or similar (i.e. BC547B, etc.), VT2 may be BC857 or similar (i.e. BC557B, etc.). Fast silicon diodes of any type will do, for example 1N4148 or LL4148 in MiniMELF case. LP2950 is replacible with 78L05, but it is the worst choice due to IC's high current consumption. It may fail to work in some cases. Use 78L05 with an external power source only.

Cables for RRxD and RTxD connections should be shielded. Multiwire cable with low mutual capacitance among wires is also applicable. Otherwise TxD to RxD interference may result in programming failure. It is important for some KENWOOD radios.

It is convenient to use an additional connector for attaching particular radio jacks to the programming cable. DB9 is recommended as a highly reliable connector.

Cable connection to KENWOOD portable radios has a specific feature. Radio sockets have prominent rubber rings, thus standard stereo jacks cannot be plugged in firmly. The jack flanges should be ground off till 5 mm in diameter. The jack cases should be cut accordingly.

TK-353 radios are put in the program mode by holding the side button below PTT and C button while powring the radio on. "--PC--" should appear on its display. TK-250 enters programming mode by pressing Lamp and Lo buttons while turning the radio on.

An unusual connector is needed for KENWOOD TK-690/790/890 radios. Common data transmission and reception line is used.

The cable can be used as a CAT interface for tranceiver control. This cable connector includes separate Tx and Rx data lines and a power supply from the radio.

In MOTOROLA GP300 connector use 2 Ampere diode if you intend to transmit with the cable connected or 1 Ampere diode otherwise. In MOTOROLA P040-P080 connector grind off the jack flange until the jack can be seated in firmly. This connector does not need an external power supply if it is provided from the port by a programming software.

In MOTOROLA GP-340 connector the output voltage is limited to approximately 3 Volts. The specific jack is used, it is shown on Fig. 4.

MOTOROLA mobile CM series radios are programmed through the rear accessory connector. The programming cable is not powered from the port. The power supply can be taken from the radio power supply or the accessory connector if available.

VERTEX VXR-5000 and VXR-7000 programming software works improperly on modern computers with fast processors. Computers with i80486 are recommended by VERTEX, also iCeleron 433 MHz processor may be used.

A connection to devices with a non-standard processor supply voltage (cordless and cellular phones) requiers a specific connector. A TxD key power is taken from the phone, so the input logic levels cannot exceed the processor supply voltage. For example SENAO SN-258 is attached by its test connector in this way: TxD - cont. 1, RxD - cont. 2, GND - cont. 3, Vbat - cont. 5. R1 resistor may be omitted because the phone RxD cirquit has an inner 47 kOhm resistor to the ground.

Alexander Nesterov has designed the TAIT T2000 series radio connector. The main idea is the additional level invertion using a CMOS logic IC. CD4093 is recommended because it has Scmitt trigger inputs. However, any CMOS invertor can be used. Unused IC inputs (not outputs !) should be grounded.

Alexander Nesterov has also designed the programmer schematics enhancements (VD8 and R13) and a specific connector to program MAXON SL500 radios. The programmer is used as a non-inverting buffer. In SL500 connector VD1 and VD2 diodes provide an extra protection of radio. They can be omitted if desired.

Oleg EX8MLT has proposed HYT TC-500 radios connector. It is different from KENWOOD portables connector which is used for other HYT radios. Both jacks should be plugged in simultaneously.

Alexander Ivanov has designed a connector to ALTAVIA radios. These radios are designed and manufactured in Russia. The connector is similar to MOTOROLA P040/P080 portables connector but needs no external power supply.

The cellular phones connector can be used for applying AT-commands or firmware reload. There are no hardware flow control cirquits in the connector. The Siemens specific connector is shown. Use it for AT-commands with the switch turned off, for firmware downloading the switch should be turned on. The Siemens phone socket pinout is taken from http://www.pinouts.ru/data/siemens_c25_s25_pinout.shtml. For more information please search specific cell phone sites.

The programming cable printed cirquit board was designed by Valery UA6LPG with non-chip components. In order to print it save this GIF image to disk. Then open the GIF file with Adobe Photoshop (or any other editor) and change the image resolution to 600 dpi (look for it at Image/Image size menu). Print it, it will be of the right size.

Please note that Rind resistor and a LED are used just to indicate the power supply voltage. You can omit R12, Rind and a LED, the cirquit will work. The recommended value of Rind is 4.3 kOhm to minimize the current consumption.

Another PCB variant was designed by Vyacheslav UR5ROZ. Optimal PCB picture resolution is 300 dpi.

This is the programming cable implemented on the 2-layer PCB and SMD components by Sergey UA0CIC.


Fig. 5. Programming cable implementation by Sergey UA0CIC
This implementation can be easily placed inside the DB9 case.

The programming cable was tested with 172 device types, i.e.

Device type	Checked by	Recommended software
KENWOOD
TK-2106Z	Alexander Ivanov	KPG-55D
TK-2107	Vladimir Yasakov, the author, Sergey UA9UDQ, Ivan UX7MX, Igor Marzaganov, Alexander UA4LOR, Sergey EW6GC, Vladimir Vashchenko, RV4HV, ALEKSEY30, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov, Dmitry EW3BX, Igor UU8JA, Denis Alafinov, Igor UR5YEI, Nikolay UT5VF	KPG-55D
TK-2160	Nikolay Novakov, Alexander Nesterov, Lahodni Stefan (Romania)	KPG-82D
TK-2200	Sergey Bunin	KPG-88D
TK-2206	Sergey Bunin, Alexander Nesterov	KPG-87D
TK-2207	Sergey Bunin, Denis Alafinov, Jaco Le Roux (South Africa), Paolo IW3SQM	KPG-87D
TK-2260	Alexander Nesterov (same as TK-2206)	KPG-87D
TK-250	Valery UA6LPG	KPG-23D
TK-260G	Valery UA6LPG	KPG-56D
TK-270	Alexander UA4LOR	KPG-27D
TK-270G	Sergey RU3VV, Gorodnov, Nikolay Novakov, Albina Luchaninova	KPG-56D
TK-278	Yevgueny RA9MHL, Igor Marzaganov, Alexander Nesterov, Lahodni Stefan (Romania), Denis Alafinov, Nikolay UT5VF, Yuri RA9SVD	KPG-27D
TK-3101	Alexander 'Gulliver'
TK-3101	Loay Jawad (Iraq)	KPG-55D
TK-3170	the author	KPG-101D
TK-3200	Sergey Bunin	KPG-88D
TK-3206	Sergey Bunin, the author	KPG-87D
TK-3207	Sergey Bunin	KPG-87D
TK-350	Alexander UA9CEE, Sergey UA0CIC	KPG-23D
TK-353	the author	KPG-26D
TK-360	the author	KPG-27D
TK-360G	the author, Ramunas Majauskas	KPG-56D
TK-370	Alexander 'Gulliver', Igor UU8JA	KPG-27D
TK-370G	Sergey UA9UDQ	KPG-56D
TK-378	the author, Denis Alafinov, Yuri RA9SVD	KPG-27D
TK-480	Alexander UA9CEE	KPG-35D
TK-7020 (the same as TK-7108)	Yuri US5IVZ, Alexander Nesterov, Nikolay UT5VF	KPG-70D
TK-7060	Alexander Nesterov	KPG-56D
TK-7108	Sergey Bunin	KPG-70D
TK-7160	Sergey Bunin	KPG-99D
TK-759	Alexander 'Gulliver'	KPG-28D
TK-760	Alexander UA9CEE, Andrey Kolennikov	KPG-29D
TK-760G	Andrey Kolennikov, Vladimir UA9FIA	KPG-56D
TK-760H	Alexander Nesterov	KPG-29D
TK-760HG-1	Sergey UA9UDQ, Vladimir Vashchenko, ALEKSEY30, Alexey Gordeyko, Alexander UA9CEW	KPG-56D
TK-768G	Albina Luchaninova	KPG-56D
TK-8102	the author	KPG-70D
TK-8160	the author	KPG-99D
TK-8180	Sergey Bunin	KPG-89D
TK-840	the author, Alexey RZ3AIQ	KPG-25D
TKR-850	the author	KPG-91D
TK-860	MALE aka Dmitry	KPG-29D
TK-860G-1	the author, MALE aka Dmitry	KPG-56D
TK-860H	the author	KPG-29D
TK-880	Sergey Bunin	KPG-49D
TK-880-3 (MT)	the author	KPG-60D
KIRISUN (KENWOOD portables connector)
PT-2208S	Vladimir Vashchenko	KSP-11
PT-3208S	Vladimir Vashchenko, ALEKSEY30	KSP-11
PT-3209	Vladimir Vashchenko, ALEKSEY30
PT-3288S	Vladimir Vashchenko
HYT
TA-240	Vyacheslav UR5ROZ, Alexander Nesterov (KENWOOD portables connector)
TC-268 (Eclipse)	Jaco Le Roux (South Africa)
TC-268S (Eclipse)	Jaco Le Roux (South Africa)
TC-368 (Eclipse)	Jaco Le Roux (South Africa)
TC-368S (Eclipse)	Jaco Le Roux (South Africa)
TC-500	Oleg EX8MLT	HT500S
TITAN
RN-102	MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov (radio identical to TK-2107, KENWOOD portable connector)	KPG-55D
YAESU / VERTEX
VX-1R	Yevgueny RA9MHL	VX1
VX-2R	Alexey RZ3AIQ, the author	VX2, VX2 commander
VX-5R	Igor RA0FMF
VX-7R	Sergey Bunin
FT-10R	Alexander 'Gulliver'	WFT10
VX-10	Igor Marzaganov, the author, MALE aka Dmitry, Nikolay Strokinov, Dmitry EW3BX	CE14
FT-11R	Igor Marzaganov	WFT11
FT-40R	Alexander 'Gulliver'	WFT40
FT-41R	the author	WFT41
FT-51R	Dmitry UA2FBB, MALE aka Dmitry	WFT51
FT-60R	Igor RA0FMF	FT-60 Commander
VX-160	Veniamin Dolgikh, Pavel RA0SJB, RV4HV, Alexander Nesterov, Yuri RA9SVD	CE44
VX-160E	Alexander Nesterov	CE51
VX-180	Veniamin Dolgikh, Paolo IW3SQM	CE44, CE51
VX-200	Yevgueny RA9MHL, Yevgueny RU6AI, Alexander Ivanov	CE9
VX-210A	the author, MALE aka Dmitry, RN3DD	CE45
VX-210V	Vladimir Vashchenko, Alexander Ivanov	CE29
VX-300	Igor RA0FMF, Alexander Kiselyov, Alexander Nesterov	CE18
VX-400	Igor Marzaganov, Vladimir Vashchenko	CE24
VX-420	Igor RA0FMF	CE64
VX-500	Yevgueny RA9MHL, Alexander 'Gulliver', Alexander Nesterov	CE6
FT-857D	Sergey UA0CIC (as the CAT interface)
FTL-1011	Nikolay Novakov, Alexander Kiselyov, Oleg RU6FB	CE5, CE7 (99ch)
VX-2000	Yevgueny RA3ZMB, EU7SS, Vyacheslav UR5ROZ, Vladimir Vashchenko, Pavel RA0SJB, the author, Andrey Kolennikov, Alexander Nesterov	CE20
FTH-2008	Nikolay Strokinov	CE2
FTH-2010	Alexander Nesterov, Alexey UR8QM, Ramunas Majauskas	CE2
FTL-2011	Veniamin Dolgikh, Alain Seguin (Canada), Yuri RA9SVD, Vlad RV6HG, Oleg RU6FB, Alexander UA9CEW, MALE aka Dmitry, Victor RK6MP (99ch)	CE5, CE7 (99ch)
VX-2500	Paolo IW3SQM	CE63
VX-3000	Sergey UA9UDQ, Vladimir Vashchenko (VHF and LB radios), Valery UA6LPG	CE19
VX-3200	Vlad RV6HG, Vladimir Vashchenko, Alexey Gordeyko	CE52
VXR-5000	the author (a computer with the iCeleron 433 MHz processor)	CE8
VXR-7000	Alexander Tataurov (a computer with the i80486 processor)	CE27
FTH-7008	Ramunas Majauskas	CE2
FTL-7011	Alexander UA9CEW (99ch), Vladimir Vashchenko, Alexander Nesterov, the author	CE5, CE7 (99ch)
FTL-7014	the author (software equivalent to FTL-7011)	CE5
FT-8800R	Andrey UA3USQ, Igor RA0FMF	FTB8800
MOTOROLA
P020	Yevgueny RA9MHL (P040/P080 connector)
P040	Veniamin Dolgikh, Stan UN8GA, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov, Andrey Kolennikov, Jaco Le Roux (South Africa), Andrey UA3USQ	R02.02.00
P080	Valery UA6LPG, Pavel UA1ZCC, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov, Jaco Le Roux (South Africa)	R02.02.00
GP68	Alexander Nesterov, Igor UU8JA
GP88	Andrey Kolennikov (GP-300 connector)	GP300 R01.00.00
M10	Alexander Nesterov	GM300 R04.00.00
M110	MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov, Jaco Le Roux (South Africa)	GM300 R04.00.00
P110	Igor Marzaganov, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov, Yuri RA9SVD	GP300 R07.00.00
M120	Alexander Nesterov, Jaco Le Roux (South Africa)	GM300 R04.00.00
CM-140	ALEKSEY30, Valery UA6LPG, Veniamin Dolgikh, Yuri RA9SVD	R05.00, R05.00.02, R05.04
GM-140	MALE aka Dmitry
CM-160	Vadim UA9MIR, ALEKSEY30, Valery UA6LPG	R02.04, R05.00
GM-160	Andrey Aladyin, Valery UA6LPG	R04.00.00, R06.04
CP-180	Valery UA6LPG (MOTOROLA P040/P080 connector)	R05.00
M208	MALE aka Dmitry, Oleg Tchugunov	RADMBL
M216	MALE aka Dmitry	RADMBL
GM-300	the author, Sergey RU3VV, Yevgueny RA9MHL, Valery UA6LPG, Igor Marzaganov, Oleg RU6FB, RV4HV, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexey Gordeyko, Alexander Nesterov, Andrey Kolennikov, Albina Luchaninova, Igor UU8JA, Nikolay UT5VF, Yuri RA9SVD	GM300 R04.00.00
GP-300	the author, Yevgueny RA9MHL, Igor RA0FMF, Valery UA6LPG, Igor Marzaganov, Mikhail Gorokhov, RV4HV, Victor RA1TDC, Alexander UA1THR, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexey Gordeyko, Alexander Nesterov, Igor UU8JA, Igor UR5YEI, Jaco Le Roux (South Africa), Yuri RA9SVD	GP300 R07.00.00, GP-300IVG
GP-300 Select 5	MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov	R02.04.00
GP-340	Vadim UA9MIR, Sergey EW6GC, Sergey RX6LRE, RV4HV, Vladimir Vashchenko, Alexander Nesterov, Albina Luchaninova, Jaco Le Roux (South Africa), Andrey UA3USQ	R03.01.00
GM-340	the author, MALE aka Dmitry, Andrey Kolennikov, Andrey UA3USQ, Yuri RA9SVD	R03.01.00
GM-350	Sergey RU3VV, Yevgueny RA9MHL, Gorodnov, the author, Valery UA6LPG, Sergey UA0CIC, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexey Gordeyko, Alexander Nesterov, Nikolay UT5VF, Yuri RA9SVD	R03.00.08, R03.01.09
GM-360	Valery UA6LPG, Vladimir Vashchenko, Oleg Tchugunov	R03.01.02
LTS 2000	Alexander 'Gulliver'	R02.00.10
MAXTRAC	Alexander 'Gulliver'
VOLNA
Volna-201	Andrey Kolennikov (equivalent to MOTOROLA GM-360, MOTOROLA mobile connector)	MOTOROLA R03.01.00
Volna-302	Andrey Kolennikov (equivalent to MOTOROLA CP-180, MOTOROLA P040, P080, CP series connector)	MOTOROLA R05.01
ALTAVIA
Altavia 301М	Alexander UA4LOR	ALTAVIA v2.01
ICOM
IC-F3	Valery UA6LPG, Alexander Kiselyov, Igor Marzaganov, Alexander UA4LOR, Alexey RA1TEZ, Alexander Nesterov	CSF3
IC-F3GS	Igor RA0FMF, Valery UA6LPG, Igor Marzaganov, Ivan UX7MX	CSF3G
IC-F4	Alexander UA4LOR, Valery UA6LPG, Alexander Nesterov, Igor UU8JA	CSF3
IC-F4GS	MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov	CSF3G
IC-F4GT	MALE aka Dmitry	CSF3G
IC-F10	Pavel UA1ZCC	CSF10
IC-R10 scanner	Alexander Nesterov	CSR10
IC-F11	Valery UA6LPG, MALE aka Dmitry, Andrey Kolennikov, Ivan UX7MX	CSF11
IC-F14	MALE aka Dmitry	CSF14
IC-F16	MALE aka Dmitry	CSF14
IC-F21	Pavel RA0SJB, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov, Igor UU8JA	CSF11
IC-F26	Pavel RA0SJB, MALE aka Dmitry	CSF14
IC-F30LT	MALE aka Dmitry	EX-1489
IC-W31N	Andrey UA3USQ	IC-W32 software
IC-F40LT	MALE aka Dmitry	EX-1489
IC-F1010	MALE aka Dmitry	EX-1764
IC-F1020	MALE aka Dmitry	EX-1764
IC-F110	MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov	CSF100
IC-F110S	Vladimir Vashchenko, Alexander Nesterov, Dmitry Kosolap, Nikolay UT5VF	CSF100S
IC-F111	Alexander UA4LOR, ALEKSEY30, MALE aka Dmitry, Andrey Kolennikov, Alexander Nesterov	CSF100
IC-F111S	Sergey RX6LRE, ALEKSEY30, Alexander Nesterov	CSF100S
IC-F210	Pavel RA0SJB, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov	CSF100 ver.1.5
IC-F211	the author, MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov	CSF100
IC-F211S	the author, Alexander Nesterov	CSF100S
IC-F310	MALE aka Dmitry	CSF300
IC-F310S	MALE aka Dmitry	CSF300S
IC-F320	MALE aka Dmitry, Alexander Nesterov	CSF300
IC-F320S	Valery 4Z5PT, Alexander 'Gulliver', Veniamin Dolgikh, Sergey RX6LRE, Alexey RA1TEZ, MALE aka Dmitry	CSF300S
IC-F410	the author, RV4HV	CSF300
IC-F410S	Alexander Nesterov	CSF300S
IC-F420	Alexander Nesterov	CSF300
IC-M710	Igor RA0FMF	Ex1726
IC-FR3000	ALEKSEY30	CSFR3000
ALINCO
DR-B1	Alexander Nesterov	DRB1
DR-135	Sergey UA9UDQ, Dmitry UA2FBB, Yuri RA9SVD	DR135
DR-140	Sergey UA9UDQ, Albina Luchaninova	DR140
DJ-191	Alexander 'Gulliver', Igor RA0FMF, Nikolay Strokinov, Alexander Nesterov, Igor UR5YEI, Albina Luchaninova, Igor UU8JA, Denis Alafinov	DJ191
DJ-195	Sergey UA9UDQ, Pound, Igor RA0FMF, Alexander Nesterov, Yuri RA9SVD	DJ195
DJ-491	Alexander Nesterov, Igor UU8JA, Denis Alafinov	DJ191
TAIT
T2010	Alexander Nesterov	T2000 Conventional Programming Application
MAXON
SL500	Alexander Nesterov	SL500
FAKE RADIOS
Pseudo-KENWOOD TK-2170	MALE aka Dmitry	KPG-101D
Pseudo-KENWOOD TK-3207	Denis Alafinov, Alexander Nesterov (detected as KENWOOD TK-3107)	KPG-55D
Pseudo-MOTOROLA T5930	Alexander Nesterov (detected as KENWOOD TK-3107 !)	KPG-55D
CI-V interface
OPTOELECTRONICS DC440 decoder	the author (YAESU / VERTEX 3-contact connector)	author's
SIEMENS cellular phones
A35	the author (firmware programming)	Freia, etc.
C35i	the author (AT-commands, firmware programming)	Hyper Terminal, c3i_xxxx, ...
S35	the author (firmware programming, AT-commands), Andrey Kolennikov (firmware programming, unlocking, customizing)	Hyper Terminal, Winswup32, ZeeSiemensG3, S35C35M35 Explorer
ME45	the author (AT-commands), Yevgueny RA9MHL (firmware programming)	Hyper Terminal, Freia...
SL45i	the author (AT-commands)	Hyper Terminal
C60	Sergey UA0CIC (AT-commands)	Hyper Terminal

PLEASE NOTE ! The author does not collect and does not distribute radio programming or service software. Please do not apply for the software !

Yevgueny Andropov, Moscow, Russia
E-mail address is on the diagram or kominform@rosnet.ru


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