Layout of a Castle

This diagram illustrates some of the features of a typical castle of the Middle Ages. Most prominent is the central “keep”, a highly fortified tower which served as the last defence of the castle. Many castles were further protected by moats, across which only a drawbridge provided access. 

Battering Ram

Battering rams were used by armies during ancient and medieval times to break holes or gaps in the walls or fortified gates of enemies. Some were mounted on wheels and covered with armoured roofs for protection against arrows, spears, and other projectiles. The battering ram was replaced by siege cannons in the 1400s.