SAN MARINO

San Marino, officially the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a country situated on the eastern side of the Apennine Mountains. It is an enclave of Italy. Its size is just over 61 km² (24 sq mi) with an estimated population of almost 30000. Its capital is the City of San Marino. One of the European microstates along with Liechtenstein, the Vatican, Monaco, Andorra, and Malta. San Marino has the smallest population of all the members of the Council of Europe.

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History

301:San Marino is the oldest surviving sovereign state and constitutional republic in the world, as the continuation of the monastic community founded on 3 September 301, by stonecutter Marinus of Arbe. Legend has it that Marinus left Rab, then the Roman colony of Arba, in 257 when the future emperor, Diocletian, issued a decree calling for the reconstruction of the city walls of Rimini, which had been destroyed by Liburnian pirates.

1000: Fondation of the castle of Borgo Maggiore

1320: The governament of San Marino acceptes in his territory the Castle of Chiesanuova

1340:San Marino comes under of the bishop of San Leo for the government of the Pope

1351: San Marino becames free common

1463 Occupation of the castels of Serravalle, Fiorentino, Domagnano (Monte Lupo), Montegiardino. Adhesion of Faetano to the Republic of San Marino.

1503-07: Cesare Borgia occupates San Marino

1500-1600: San Marino particepes to the union of the cites Arezzo, Cagli , Forlì, Osimo, Urbino. In this period San Marino reinforces her independence

1600: The costituion of San Marino enactes in 1600

1739:The cardinal Alberoni occupates San Marino, that returnes soon inpendent.

1906:Democratic modernization of the government of San Marino

1915-18: Neutrality of Republic of San Marino in the Worl War I

1939-44:Neutrality of Republic of San Marino in the World War II

1944: The Germans occupate San Marino.

1944-45:The alliedes bombard San Marino

1945:San Marino is by the Germans. The people electes a communist governement

1957: End of the communist governement in San Marino

1988:San Marino became a member of the Council of Europe.

1992: San Marino became a member of the United Nations

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^Economy

The country's economy mainly relies on tourism, and San Marino's culture remains Italian, mainly Emilia-Romagnan in essence. It is one of the wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP, with a figure comparable to some of the more developed Italian regions, such as Lombardy and the Province of Bolzano-Bozen. San Marino is considered to have a highly stable economy, with the lowest unemployment rate in Europe, no national debt and a budget surplus.

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