Events, conferences and seminars
Monday October 11 th 2004 is developed at the Room Conferences of the CNR in Rome the 3° International Scientific Workshop with the Press - conference annual H-2-Rome, on the mobility to hydrogen, promoted from:
ITAE, Board Nazionale of the Searches (CNR), Corporate body for the New Technologies, Energy and Environment (ENEA, CIRPS - "La Sapienza" University in Rome.
The Responsible of the Research of the Auto Houses BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Fiat, General Motors, PSA Peugeot Citroën, Honda and Toyota have illustrated the results of the searches and the achieved results both I concern the improvement of the performances and diminution of consumptions and harmful issues of the combustion motors it interns is I concern the cells to combustible and the electric traction using as fuel the hydrogen, comparing herself with the results achieved by ITAE-CNR, ENEA and CIRPS - "La Sapienza" University in Rome.
Gabriele Bordon, Responsible Project H2 Roma has opened the jobs, also introducing the innovative cartoon "Idrogenio."
Fabio Pistella, President of the CNR, has underlined the necessity to currently pass from a financing of the search around him 1% of the PIL (0,6% public and 0,4% privacy) to at least 2%; since the government funding can reach the 0,8% of the PIL it deals with convincing the privacies to increase the investments in the search reaching the 1,2% of the PIL, possible solo overcoming the distinction between search of base and applied search and creating the conditions that induce the private industries to increase his/her own part of financing.
Fabio Orecchini, Engineer, PhD, Teacher of Energetic Systems to the university "You Wisdom" of Rome.
Specialized journalist in innovation and search in the sector automotive for the daily paper "You Republic."
Coordinator of the "GROUP of Search Energy and Environment" of the CIRPS and of national and international projects of search.
Author, with the Prof. Vincent Naso, of the book of scientific popularization "No Oil" on the role of the theory of the "infinite loops" of the natural resources.
Francesco Storace, President of the Region Lazio, has illustrated the plan of financing both of new photovoltaics roofs (620 new questions introduced in the only Region Lazio) both of new fittingses for the solar heating of the water (3000 new questions introduced in the only Region Lazio).
Ragna Ohnesorge, Manager of the Center Search BMW on the motors to double feeding gasoline - hydrogen.
Such choice from the BMW is dictated by the demand to guarantee to the consumer the restocking of fuel, and you/he/she has been made possible graces to the debugging of a reservoir for liquid hydrogen from the particularly advanced characteristics, being able, under the normal operational conditions, to maintain the hydrogen in the field of admitted pressures (3 - 5 atm) for more than 12 days without issues, to comparison of the 3 days allowed by a traditional reservoir of analogous characteristics.
Thomas Brachman, Senior Engineer, Honda R&D Europe (Germany) Gmbh; you/he/she has underlined the debugging of cells to combustible of halved weight (stopped by 2 Kg/Kws to 1 Kg/Kw) and a progressive increase of the efficiency, currently around 36 - 40% but with the perspective to reach 50%.
Gaetano Cacciola, Manager of the institute of Advanced Technologies for the energy "Nicola Giordano" (ITAE) of Messina, of the Board Nazionale of the Searches, that has illustrated the debugging of electrolytes polymeric able to bear an operating temperature of 130°C, to the place of the actual limit of 106°C with consequent improvement of the output of conversion.
Bert De Colvenaer, Senior Managers, Department of the Advanced Technologies, Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufactoring Europe, Belgium, has illustrated the characteristics of the new Prius, traction hybrid motorcar, endowed with cycle motor Atkinson with relationship of varying compression, electric motor for an increase of power in the phase of acceleration and recovery of the energy in phase of braked and accumulators to the Nickel - Metallic Hydrides.
Pascal Henault, Manager of the innovation of PSA Peugeot Citroën.
You/he/she has illustrated a filter for the harvest of the particolato sent forth by the diesel motors particularly effective, in degree to annul the issues of such particles.
Vincent Naso, Ordinary Teacher of Systems Energetic Universities in Rome "You Wisdom" and Manager of the CIRPS (Center Universitario of Search For the Sustainable Development).
After the last quotations of the oil barrel, the "black gold" it is really "gold", (also because it has the assistant value to constitute the first subject for the synthesis of the plastic subjects, of the synthetic textile fibers and of the various derived products) and it needs therefore to stimulate the use of the hydrogen and the renewable energies.
Joseph Rovera, Responsible Division Communicates, Center Ricerche Fiat, has illustrated the different lines of development of the search, not only respect the cells to combustible but also the debugging of efficient diesel motors, through the technologies "Common Rail" and "Multijet."
Raffaele Vellone, Manager General Project Hydrogen and Cells to Combustible of the ENEA, you/he/she has illustrated the characteristics of a small portable unity for the reforming of the methane of the power of 5 KWs able of sopperire to an initial limited application of restocking of hydrogen near the single stations of service.
Rittmar von Helmolt, Manager Manufactoring Concepts GM Fuel Cell Activities, Mainz-Kastel, Germany,
has underlined as the objective to get cells to combustible to the cost of 50$/Kw is possible only overcoming two productive phases:
- the first one regarding an increase of the production of the cells to combustible with the actual technologies;
- the second automatizing such technologies with the debugging of opportune cars for the production of such cells; in this second phase a notable price cutting will be had beginning from 20.000 autos to hydrogen a year and the objective you/he/she will be reached with an equal or superior production to 200.000 hydrogen cars each year.
Massimo Venturi, of the DaimlerChrisler, has underlined as such auto house has already overcome the phase of prototipazione and already has one even though limited line of production in series of different types of autoveicoli to hydrogen, that you/they amount to a hundred, included the buses circulating CITARO in numerous different nations.
Savior Carbonaro, responsible R&M ENI, has illustrated the prototype the one new station of restocking with panels fotovoltaici you post on the south side of domes pyramidal mails in correspondence of the platforms to the isotto of which it is possible to see in transparency the single cells fotovoltaiche that makes the station of almost self-sufficient service, in the daytime, from the point of view of the electric energy; such station should be also endowed with a mullion for the restocking of hydrogen both in liquid form that in gas form.
From the conference resulteded that the point of turn for the vehicles to hydrogen there will be when for the consumer it will result indifferent the choice of a traditional autoveicolo rather than of a vehicle to hydrogen, both in terms of general cost of the vehicle for every crossed kilometer, both I concern the facility of restocking.
One retries is given by the declaration of a responsible sales of one of the houses auto presents respect the application of the models predisposed for working to methane; currently such application doesn't overcome the 7000 - 8000 cars the year on a circulating park of 400.000 vehicles in Italy; however if the consumer resides near to one of the stations of methane restocking the application of such models reaches the 75% of the sales of that brand of motorcars in the zone.
On the other hand the methane it costs less than the quantity of gasoline avente the same calorific power, and it guarantees a greater output of the motor.
The hydrogen could relatively be drawn near the same distributor of methane through reforming of the methane with vapor to tall temperature to contained costs, or supplied in liquid form through tankers criogeniche; the low densities of the hydrogen in gaseous form and the lack of a suitable net of distribution dissuade the restocking of it such form; a wagon heavy bombolaio more than 40 tons is able in fact to transport no more than 500 Kgs of it.
Raffaele Vellone, of the ENEA, you/he/she has illustrated the characteristics of a small portable unity for the reforming of the methane of the power of 5 KWs able of sopperire to an initial limited application of restocking of hydrogen near the single stations of service.
I concern the duration of operation that the cells to combustible you/they should have, to compete with the combustion motor interns, the Ing. Joseph Rovera has pointed out 5000 hours; the affirmation is technically correct, in as for the middle speed of 60 Km/hs it would correspond to 300.000 Kms of route, that equivalent to the (extraordinary) performances of the new diesel motors "Common Rail" and "you Fine Jet"; nevertheless the value of an autoveicolo quickly decreases with the time and you/he/she is amortized in theory in 10 years, in practice also only after 5 or 6 years; therefore to my opinion for a good part of the consumers also 120.000 kilometers of total route could be enough, that would correspond to a duration of 2000 hours of the cells to combustible; currently such duration wanders around the 1000 hours of operation.
Finally the objective of the 50$/Kw of the cost of the cells to combustible, to forehead of a cost of the combustion motors it interns that it wanders around the 20$/Kw it is justified from the most greater efficiency in the cells to combustible in comparison to the middle efficiency of the combustion motors it interns.
In general you/he/she has emerged that the principal technical problems that prevent a strong increase of the production of the autoveicolis to hydrogen will be resolved within 2010 and already before that date it will begin the production and the sale on the market of such autoveicoli; to that point it will be the problem solving logistic tied up to the production and distribution of the hydrogen a conclusive factor for the diffusion on the market of the vehicles to hydrogen.
Bibliography:
The Society' No OIL, Fabio Orecchini, Vincent Naso, Tracks Publishing s.r.l.
The society no oil is in reality the society that also valorizes the combustible fossils, particularly the hydrocarbons, also creating through the renewable energies the conditions for a new stable development of the economy that, increasing the application of plastic products, textile fibers artificial and derived some oil will allow to use the notable value added to be the first subject for such products of it, revaluing them.
A wide availability of hydrogen deriving also from the renewable energies it will also revalue the coal layers, that can be converts in hydrocarbons with a greater efficiency of that of the trial Fischer-Tropsch.
The no oil society is therefore that that sets the bases for an evolutionary space and a future for everybody, in the respect of the environment and the biological differentiations.