Type of lamp
Description
Notices
Description
Type of lamp
The arc-lamp of Duboscq.
This arc-lamp is famous because had been used by F.H.Holmes in South Foreland lighthouse, the first lightouse with an electric light (1857).
In this history it's right to speack of Alessandro Cruto (1847-1908) who lived in Piossasco (Turin). He founded in Alpignano (Turin) the first italian electric lamps establishment.
He wents only two year at school but was very interested in technical problems. In 1879 Cruto was present at a conference of Galileo Ferraris on the electric light.
Cruto, after many experiments, made a tubular, thin and homogeneous filament depositing carbon on a platinum thin wire which by the first flow of current volatilized, leaving only the carbon.
In 1881 a comparison between the lamps of Swan and the lamps of Cruto was propitious to Cruto.
In 1860 this filament burned out too rapidly.
The vacuum in the glass bulb was unsatisfacotry.
In 1865 Herman Sprengel invented his vacuum pump by mercury's vapor. By this pump were built the tubes for Crookes experiments.
Swan began agian his experiments and in 18 december 1878 presented at Newcastle-upon-Tyne an efficient electric lamp with a carbon filament. In 1881 Swan produced lamps in his manifacture.
He wouldn't patent his lamp because other inventors had thinked (before him) the same solution.
An experimental lamp of Swan - 1878 -
The arc-lamp of Jablochkoff - 1876 - Paul Jablochkoff, a russian man, was the first inventor of lamp to have commercial success. His "candle", a little arc-lamp which worked with a current of 8-9 ampere, not the usual 17-20 of other arc lamps.
In 1887 80 arc-lamps of Jablochkoff were installed at Grands Magazins du Louvre in Paris.
In 1887 80 arc-lamps of Jablochkoff were installed at Grands Magazins du Louvre in Paris.
When Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) began to build electric lamps he thinked that the carbon filament wasn't the more suitable, but after many attempts, he renounced his old ideas and used a carbonized bamboo fiber (1880).
Edison, otherwise Swan, patented all his works.
In 1800 Edison sold 80.000 lamps with a threaded socket. In 1882 Edison sued the Swann society for patent's violation. The dispute was friendly decided by establishing the Edison and Swan Electricity Light Company Limited, registered in 1883.
Edison, otherwise Swan, patented all his works.
In 1800 Edison sold 80.000 lamps with a threaded socket. In 1882 Edison sued the Swann society for patent's violation. The dispute was friendly decided by establishing the Edison and Swan Electricity Light Company Limited, registered in 1883.
Lamps of Edison