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Part used: bark, flowers, berries, leaves.
Collection: the flowers are collected in spring and early summer
and dried as rapidly as possible in the shade. The bark and the berries
are best collected in August and September.
Actions: bark: purgative, emetic, diuretic.
Leaves: externally emollient and vulnerary, internally as
purgative, expectorant, diuretic and the diaphoretic.
Flowers: diaphoretic, anti-catarrhal.
Berries: diaphoretic, diuretic, laxative. |