Terpsiphone viridis  AFRICAN PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest edge, woods, towns.  From Senegambia, Liberia and s Mali e through Burkina Faso, s Niger, Cameroon, C. African Rep., and s Sudan to Ethiopia, Somalia and s Arabia, s to Zaire, Angola, w Uganda and Tanzania (incl. Pemba, Mafia and Zanzibar is.), s (exc. sw deserts) to s S. Africa.  Occurs in all continental subSaharan countries.
 Includes suahelica of e and s Africa, here regarded as a morph of viridis.  Relationships among the species of Terpsiphone are complex.  In some areas three occur sympatrically without interbreeding, in other areas hybrids occur between these same taxa.

Terpsiphone atrochalybeia  SAO TOME PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest, farms.  São Tomé Island in the Gulf of Guinea off w Africa.
Terpsiphone mutata  MADAGASCAR PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest, second growth.  Up to 2000 m in Madagascar and the Comoro Is. of Grand Comoro, Mohéli, Anjouan and Mayotte.
Terpsiphone corvina  SEYCHELLES PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest.  Seychelles Islands.
Terpsiphone bourbonnensis  MASCARENE PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest.  Mauritius I. in the w Mascarene Islands.
Terpsiphone paradisi  ASIAN PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Open forest, woods, bamboo, mangroves, towns.  Up to 1200 m from e Afghanistan, Turkestan, c,e China and se Siberia s through s,se Asia to India, Sri Lanka, Nicobar islands, Sumatra (incl. Simeulue, Nias, Riau and Lingga arch., Bangka, Belitung), Java, and the Lesser Sunda islands of Sumba, Sumbawa, Flores, Lomblen and Alor.

Terpsiphone atrocaudata  JAPANESE PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest, mangroves.  Japan on Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; the Ryukyu Is., Taiwan; n Philippine Is. of Batan Is., Luzon, Palawan and Mindoro.
Terpsiphone cinnamomea  RUFOUS PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest, second growth.  Up to 1200 m on the Philippine Is. of Luzon, Polillo Is., Catanduanes, Lubang, Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon, Tablas, Sibuyan, Panay, Samar, Negros, Dinagat, Siargao, Camiguin Sur, Mindanao, Basilan, Sulu Arch.; Talaud Islands.
Terpsiphone cyanescens  BLUE PARADISE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest edge, second growth, thickets.  Calamian Is. and Palawan in the sw Philippines.

Chasiempis sandwichensis  ELEPAIO or HAWAIIAN MONARCH.  Forest.  Mts., 100-1375 m on Kauai, Oahu and Hawaii in the Hawaiian Islands.
Pomarea dimidiata  RAROTONGA MONARCH.  Forest undergrowth.  Rarotonga I. in the sw Cook Is.
Pomarea nigra  TAHITI MONARCH.  Forest.  Highlands, 700-950 m on Tahiti in the Society Is.  Formerly also on Maupiti.
Pomarea iphis  IPHIS MONARCH.  Forest, dense brush.  Eiao and Ua Huka is. in the n Marquesas.
Pomarea mendozae  MARQUESAN MONARCH.  Forest.  Nuku Hiva, Ua Pu, Hiva Oa, Tahuata and Motane islands in the c,s Marquesas.

Pomarea whitneyi  FATUHIVA MONARCH.  Forest, wooded thickets.  Fatu Hiva I. in the s Marquesas.
Mayrornis versicolor  OGEA MONARCH.  Forest.  Ogea Levu I. in the se Fiji Islands.
Mayrornis lessoni  SLATY MONARCH.  Forest.  Lowlands and mts. of Fiji from the main islands e to Taveuni, Moala and Lau Archipelago.
Mayrornis schistaceus  VANIKORO MONARCH.  Presumably forest.  Vanikoro I. in the Santa Crus Is.
Neolalage banksiana  BUFF-BELLIED MONARCH.  Second growth, towns.  Vanuatu s to Éfaté and the Banks Islands.

Clytorhynchus pachycephaloides  SOUTHERN SHRIKEBILL.  Dense forest.  New Caledonia; Vanuatu including the Banks and Torres islands.
Clytorhynchus vitiensis  FIJI SHRIKEBILL.  Dense forest.  Tau I. in Samoa, formerly also on Ofu and Olomega islands; the Fiji Islands, incl. Rotuma; the Tonga Is. on Tafahi, Niuatoputapu and Kalau and possibly others; formerly on Tongatapu and Eau.
Clytorhynchus nigrogularis  BLACK-THROATED SHRIKEBILL.  Forest undergrowth, ground.  Mts. on Vanua Levu, Taveuni, Viti Levu, Ovalau and Kandavu in the Fiji Is.; Santa Cruz Islands.

Clytorhynchus hamlini  RENNELL SHRIKEBILL.  Forest undergrowth.  Rennell I.in the se Solomon Is.
Metabolus rugensis  TRUK MONARCH.  Forest.  Truk I. in the e Caroline Islands.
Monarcha axillaris  BLACK MONARCH.  Forest, second growth.  Mts., 950-2350 m of New Guinea from the Arfak, Wandammen and Snow mts. to the c highlands, Huon Peninsula and the se ranges; Goodenough I.
Monarcha rubiensis  RUFOUS MONARCH.  Forest undergrowth.  Up to 1375 m of New Guinea from Geelvink Bay e to the Ramu River and from Triton Bay e to the Setekwa River.
Monarcha cinerascens  ISLAND MONARCH.  Open forest.  Small islands and coasts of large islands from islands off Sulawesi (Talaud, Sangihe, Banggai, Sula, Tukangbesi); the Moluccas from Ternate and Halmahera s to Buru, Ambon, Seram, Seram Laut and Watubela is.; Lesser Sundas from Sumbawa and Timor e to Damar and the Tanimbar Is.; Banda, Kai, Aru and w Papuan is. (Waigeo, Salawati, Misool); New Guinea n coast from Sorong to Huon Peninsula, incl. islands in Geelvink Bay, Manam and Karkar islands; Louisiade, D'Entrecasteaux and Bismarck archipelagos, and the Solomon Is., incl. Ontong Java.

Monarcha frater  BLACK-WINGED MONARCH.  Forest.  Mts., 400-1600 m of New Guinea from the Vogelkop and Snow Mts. to c highlands and se ranges; ne Queensland from tip of Cape York s to Claudie River.
Monarcha melanopsis  BLACK-FACED MONARCH.  Dense forest, woods, often riparian.  Coastally from ne Queensland (Cape York) s to se Victoria.
Monarcha erythrostictus  BOUGAINVILLE MONARCH.  Forest.  Bougainville I. in the nw Solomon Is.
Monarcha castaneiventris  CHESTNUT-BELLIED MONARCH.  Forest.  Solomon Is., except Bougainville and the c Solomons.
Monarcha richardsii  WHITE-CAPPED MONARCH.  Forest.  C Solomon Is.  May be conspecific with castaneiventris.

Monarcha pileatus  WHITE-NAPED MONARCH.  Forest, mangroves.  Halmahera and Buru islands in the Moluccas.  Sometimes considered conspecific with leucotis and castus.
Monarcha castus  LOETOE MONARCH.  Forest, mangroves.  Tanimbar Islands.
Monarcha leucotis  WHITE-EARED MONARCH.  Forest, mangroves.  Ne Australia from e Queensland n to Cape York area, s to ne New S. Wales to the Tweed River.  Closely related to castus and pileatus.
Monarcha guttulus  SPOT-WINGED MONARCH.  Forest.  Up to 1150 m in the Aru Is. and on Waigeo, Batanta, Salawati and Misool is. in the w Papuan Is.; New Guinea incl. Meos Num I.; D'Entrecasteaux and Louisiade archipelagos.

Monarcha mundus  BLACK-BIBBED MONARCH.  Forest.  Damar, Babar and the Tanimbar islands in the Lesser Sundas.
Monarcha trivirgatus  SPECTACLED MONARCH.  Forest, woods, mangroves.  Locally on small islands and coastal mainland areas.  Moluccas on Morotai, Halmahera, Bacan, Obi, Seram, Ambon, Seram Laut and Watubela islands; Lesser Sundas on Flores, Sumba, Lomblen, Alor, Timor, Wetar, Kisar, Romang and Damar; w Papuan island of  Salawati; Louisiade Arch.; ne Australia from e Queensland n to Cape York Peninsula, s to New S. Wales in the Port Stephens area.  Closely related to guttulus and the two are sympatric in the Louisiade Arch.  Also closely related to mundus but they are sympatric.

Monarcha sacerdotum  FLORES MONARCH.  Forest. Previously known from two specimens from the mts. (900 m) of Flores Island in the wc Lesser Sunda Is.  Recently observed in the forests of Selah Legium in western Flores Island.  Possibly conspecific with trivirgatus (World Birdwatch 15(4):5).
Monarcha everetti  WHITE-TIPPED MONARCH.  Forest.  Tanahjampea I. in sw Wallacea.
Monarcha loricatus  BLACK-TIPPED MONARCH.  Forest, farms.  Up to 1220 m on Buru I. in the s Moluccas.
Monarcha boanensis  BLACK-CHINNED MONARCH.  Forest.  Known only from the type specimen from Boano I. in the s Moluccas.  Related to manadensis.

Monarcha leucurus  WHITE-TAILED MONARCH.  Forest.  Kai Islands.  Related to manadensis.
Monarcha julianae  BLACK-BACKED MONARCH.  Forest.  Known from a single specimen from Kofiau I. in the w Papuan islands.  May be conspecific with leucurus and manadensis.
Monarcha manadensis  HOODED MONARCH.  Forest, thickets.  Locally in lowlands to 1200 m of New Guinea.  The manadensis superspecies includes everetti, loricatus, boanensis, leucurus, julianae, brehmii, infelix, menckei, verticalis, barbatus, browni and viduus, but they are allopatric on different islands, thus treatment as allospecies or subspecies is arbitrary.

Monarcha brehmii  BIAK MONARCH.  Forest.  Biak I. in Geelvink Bay off n New Guinea.
Monarcha infelix  MANUS MONARCH.  Forest.  Admiralty Is. in the Bismarck Arch.
Monarcha menckei  WHITE-BREASTED MONARCH.  Forest. Mussau I. in the St. Matthias Group, n Bismarck Arch.
Monarcha verticalis  BLACK-TAILED MONARCH.  Forest.  Bismarck Arch. islands of Rooke, New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Duke of York and Djaul.
Monarcha barbatus  BLACK-AND-WHITE MONARCH.  Forest.  Up to 1200 m of the Solomon Is., except the New Georgia Group and San Cristobal I.

Monarcha browni  KULAMBANGRA MONARCH.  Forest.  New Georgia Group, c Solomon Is.
Monarcha viduus  WHITE-COLLARED MONARCH.  Forest.  San Cristobal I. in the s Solomon Is.
Monarcha godeffroyi  YAP MONARCH.  Forest.  Yap I. in the nw Caroline Is.
Monarcha takatsukasae  TINIAN MONARCH.  Forest, thickets, brushy woods.  Tinian and Agiguan islands in the Mariana Islands.
Monarcha chrysomela  GOLDEN MONARCH.  Forest, edge.  Up to 1200 m in the Aru Is.; w Papuan islands of Waigeo, Salawati, Batanta and Misool; New Guinea incl. Biak I.; Fergusson, Goodenough and Normanby is. in the d'Entrecasteaux Arch.; New Ireland, New Hanover, Djaul, Lihir and Tabar islands in the Bismarck Arch.

Arses telescophthalmus  FRILLED MONARCH.  Forest, edge, second growth.  Up to 1500 m in the Aru Is.; w Papuan is. of Waigeo, Batanta, Salawati and Misool; New Guinea; ne Australia from the ne tip of Cape York in n Queensland s to Archer and Chester rivers.  The other species of Arses sometimes are merged into telescophthalmus, or placed in Monarcha.
Arses insularis  RUFOUS-COLLARED MONARCH.  Forest.  Lowlands of n New Guinea from the Mamberano River to Astrolabe Bay, incl. Yapen I.
Arses kaupi  PIED MONARCH.  Forest, edge, second growth.  Ne Queensland from Cooktown to Townsville.
Myiagra freycineti  GUAM FLYCATCHER.  Forest undergrowth, thickets.  Guam I. in the s Mariana Islands; nearing extinction.

Myiagra erythrops  MANGROVE FLYCATCHER.  Forest undergrowth, mangroves.  Palau Island.
Myiagra oceanica  OCEANIC FLYCATCHER.  Forest undergrowth, edge, towns.  Truk I. in the w Caroline Islands.  M. oceanica, freycineti, erythrops and pluto are often treated as races of oceanica, but here regarded as allospecies.
Myiagra pluto  POHNPEI FLYCATCHER.  Forest undergrowth, open woods.  Pohnpei I. in the e Caroline Islands.
Myiagra atra  BIAK FLYCATCHER.  Open forest.  Numfor and Biak islands in Geelvink Bay off nw New Guinea.
Myiagra galeata  DARK-GREY FLYCATCHER.  Forest.  Coastal lowlands in the Moluccas from Morotai and Halmahera to Obi, Buru, Seram, Ambon and Seram Laut is.; and Kai Kecil I. in the Kai Islands.

Myiagra rubecula  LEADEN FLYCATCHER.  Savanna.  Lowlands up to 500 m in ne,s New Guinea, w to Etna Bay and Kumasi River; Louisiade and D'Entrecasteaux arch., Conflict I.  Forest, woods and mangroves in n,e,se Australia from ne W. Australia w to King Sound, e through n N. Territory to n,e Queensland and s through e New S. Wales to se Victoria, Tasmania and islands in Bass Strait.
Myiagra ferrocyanea  STEEL-BLUE FLYCATCHER.  Forest, edge, second growth.  Up to 2100 m of the Solomon Islands, except San Cristobal and Rennel islands.
Myiagra cervinicauda  OCHRE-HEADED FLYCATCHER.  Forest, edge, second growth.  Lowlands on San Cristobal I. in the s Solomon Islands.

Myiagra caledonica  MELANESIAN FLYCATCHER.  Open country.  New Caledonia; Loyalty Islands, Vanuatu, Banks and Torres islands and Rennel Island in the s Solomon Is.
Myiagra vanikorensis  VANIKORO FLYCATCHER.  Forest, edge, towns.  Lowlands in Fiji and on Vanikoro I. in the Santa Cruz Islands.
Myiagra albiventris  SAMOAN FLYCATCHER.  Forest.  Lowlands to mt. tops on Savaii and Upolu islands in w Samoa.
Myiagra azureocapilla  BLUE-CRESTED FLYCATCHER.  Forest.  Mts. above 200 m on Viti Levu, Vanua Levu and Taveuni islands in the Fiji Islands.

Myiagra ruficollis  BROAD-BILLED FLYCATCHER.  Mangroves, coastal thickets.  Coastal lowlands on islands in the Flores Sea:  Tanahjampea, Kalao, Bonerate, Kalaotoa and Madu; Lesser Sunda Islands from Alor and Sumba e to Romang, Damar and Timor; Tanimbar and Aru islands; s New Guinea from Mimika River to Laloki River; islands in Torres Strait; n coastal Australia from ne W. Australia w to Derby e through n N. Territory to nw,n Queensland and s on the e coast to Rockhampton.
Myiagra cyanoleuca  SATIN FLYCATCHER.  Forest, woods.  Mainly uplands of se Australia in s New S. Wales and Victoria; Tasmania.
Myiagra inquieta  RESTLESS FLYCATCHER.  Open forest, woods, often near water.  Lowlands in sc New Guinea in the Merauke region; n Australia from nw W. Australia w to Broome, e across n N. Territory, incl. Groote Eylandt, to sw,c Queensland, s through New S. Wales to Victoria and w across s S. Australia to s,sw W. Australia n to Moora, Kalgoorlie and Great Victoria Desert.

Myiagra alecto  SHINING FLYCATCHER.  Shrubbery near water, swamps, mangroves.  Up to 1300 m in the n Moluccas from Morotai s to Obi; New Guinea incl. most adj. islands; New Ireland and Duke of York islands; n,ne Australia from ne W. Australia w to Derby e through n N. Territory to n,e Queensland s to Fraser Island.
Myiagra hebetior  DULL FLYCATCHER.  Forest.  New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Djaul and St. Matthias (Mussau) islands in the Bismarck Arch.  Sometimes placed in Piezorhynchus.
Lamprolia victoriae  SILKTAIL.  Moist forest.  Mts. above 500 m on Vanua Levu and Taveuni islands in the Fiji Islands.  Considered a bird-of-paradise in the past but morphology and DNA comparisons indicate that the Silktail is a monarch.

Machaerirhynchus flaviventer  YELLOW-BREASTED BOATBILL.  Forest, edge.  Lowlands to 1250 m in the Aru Islands, w Papuan islands of Waigeo, Salawati and Misool; New Guinea; ne Australia in ne Queensland s to Archer River, Ingham area and Hinchinbrook Island.
Machaerirhynchus nigripectus  BLACK-BREASTED BOATBILL.  Forest, edge.  Mts., 1200-3000 m of New Guinea from the Vogelkop to the Snow Mts., c highlands, Adelbert Mts., Huon Peninsula and se ranges.  Occurs above flaviventer.
Grallina cyanoleuca  MAGPIE-LARK.  Open woods, wet areas, pastures, towns.  Lowlands in sc New Guinea between the Digul River and Fly River; Australia.  Ranges to Timor, Kai Islands and Tasmania.  Nomadic.  DNA hybridization showed that the Magpie-lark is a monarch, not a relative of Corcorax and Struthidea.

Grallina bruijni  TORRENT-LARK.  Rocks and sides of swift streams.  Mts., 400-2400 m of New Guinea.
Subfamily AEGITHININAE
Aegithina tiphia  COMMON IORA.  Forest edge, scrub, farms, mangroves.  Up to 2000 m from n Pakistan, India n to Himalayan foothills, Sri Lanka, and sw China, s through se Asia to Sumatra incl. Nias, Lingga Arch., and Bangka; Java, Bali, Borneo incl. islands to the north; and Palawan I. in the sw Philippines.
Aegithina nigrolutea  WHITE-TAILED IORA.  Forest edge, scrub, farms.  N,e Pakistan (Punjab, se Sind) and nw India from Punjab and s Uttar Pradesh s through Rajasthan to Gujarat and w Madhya Pradesh.  Status unclear; may be a separate species or a color variant of tiphia.
Aegithina viridissima  GREEN IORA.  Forest, second growth.  Up to 1000 m in s Burma, peninsular Thailand; Sumatra; Borneo and adj. islands.
Aegithina lafresnayei  GREAT IORA.  Forest.  Up to 1100 m in sw China s to Yunnan and se Asia, except c,e Burma and c Thailand.

Subfamily MALACONOTINAE
Tribe MALACONOTINI
Lanioturdus torquatus  CHATSHRIKE.  Open acacia thornbush, mopane woods.  Wc,sw Angola and nw,c Namibia.  Affinities unclear; has been placed in the Muscicapidae.
Nilaus afer  BRUBRU.  Acacia savanna for afer and brubru; brachystegia woods for nigritemporalis.

 Possibly more than one species is involved.
 N. a. afer.   Senegambia e (exc. in heavy forest), S Mauritania, s Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, C. Afr. Rep., s Niger, s Chad, s Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea to Somalia, s to ne Zaire, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya and nc,ne Tanzania.
 N. a. nigritemporalis.  Se Zaire, Tanzania (exc. nc,ne), Zambia (exc. extreme sw), Malawi and n Mozambique.  Morphologically distinct and occurs in brachystegia woodland.  May be a separate species.
 N. a. affinis.  Sw,sc,ec Zaire and w. Angola.
 N. a. brubru.  Sw Angola, Namibia, extreme sw Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana and c Mozambique s to n S. Africa in n Cape Province, Orange Free State, Transvaal and Natal.

Dryoscopus gambensis  NORTHERN PUFFBACK.  Woods.  Highlands, 1800-2850 m in Senegambia, s Mauritania, s Mali, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, s Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Cabinda, C. Afr. Rep., s Chad and s Sudan to Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia and s (exc. w,c in heavy forest) to sw,ne,ce Zaire, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, nw Tanzania and nw Kenya.  Closely related to the following three species; some overlap and hybridization among them.
Dryoscopus pringlii  PRINGLE'S PUFFBACK.  Arid acacia thornbush.  C,s Somalia and s Ethiopia s to n,e Kenya and ne Tanzania.
Dryoscopus cubla  BLACK-BACKED PUFFBACK.  Woods, forest.  D. c. cubla and affinis intergrade.

 D. c. cubla.  Up to 1650 m from Angola, sc,se Zaire, Rwanda, Burundi and c,e Kenya (exc. coastal areas) s through Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique to n Namibia, n,e Botswana and s,e S. Africa in Transvaal, n Orange Free State, Natal and s Cape Province.
 D. c. affinis.  Coastal areas in s Somalia, e Kenya and e Tanzania, incl. Zanzibar and Mafia islands.

Dryoscopus senegalensis  RED-EYED PUFFBACK.  Forest.  Senegambia; s Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and sw C. African Rep. to n,ne,ce Zaire, Rwanda and w Uganda, s to Gabon, Congo, Cabinda, sw Zaire and ne Angola.
Dryoscopus angolensis  PINK-FOOTED PUFFBACK.  Dense forest.  Mts. of Cameroon; Nigeria, Congo, lowlands of sw Zaire and n Angola; se Sudan, ne,ce Zaire, Rwanda, w Uganda, w Kenya and w Tanzania.
Dryoscopus sabini  LARGE-BILLED PUFFBACK.  Forest.  Lowlands in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Benin, Nigeria, s Cameroon, sw C. African Rep., and n,ne Zaire s to Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Cabinda and sw,sc Zaire.
Tchagra minuta  MARSH TCHAGRA.  Tall grass at moist woods edge, marshes.

 Although there is no evidence of intergradation, the East African and South African List Committees treat anchietae as a race of minuta; they come close to one another in Zaire, but seem not to differ in behavior or habitat (D. A. Turner, pers. comm.). 
Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) agree, and note that "... this is a little-explored part of Africa."

 T. m. minuta.  Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, s Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, C. African Rep., n,ne Zaire and s Sudan to w Ethiopia, s to sw,ce Zaire, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, nw Tanzania and w Kenya.
 T. m. anchietae  ANCHIETA'S TCHAGRA.  From nw,c Angola e across sc,se Zaire, n,c Zambia and s,e Tanzania to se Kenya, Malawi, se Zimbabwe and s Mozambique.

Tchagra senegala  BLACK-CROWNED TCHAGRA.  Dry savanna with tall grass, bushes.  Morocco to Tunisia; s Arabia and c,s Africa s of the Sahara except Congo Basin and sw deserts, s to n Namibia, n,e Botswana and S. Africa in Transvaal, n Orange Free State, Natal and e Cape Province.  Recorded in all African countries except Equatorial Guinea; absent from Gulf of Guinea Is. and Socotra I.
Tchagra australis  BROWN-CROWNED TCHAGRA.  Open savanna with bushes, acacia thornbush.

 The two races sometimes are treated as species.
  T. a. australis.  Guinea, s Mali, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, s Cameroon, C. Afr. Rep., Gabon, Congo, n,ne Zaire, s Sudan, Rwanda, Burunda, Uganda,c,se Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, s (exc. range of souzae) to Angola, c Namibia, s Botswana, Mozambique and n S. Africa in nc Cape Prov., Transvaal, n Orange Free State and n Natal.
 T. a. souzae.  S,se Zambia, n,c Angola, nw Zimbabwe and nw Zambia.

Tchagra jamesi  THREE-STREAKED TCHAGRA.  Arid acacia thornbush.  Se Sudan, ne Uganda, s Ethiopia, Somalia and n,e Kenya to the coast.
Tchagra tchagra  SOUTHERN TCHAGRA.  Coastal bush and thorn scrub.  From sw Cape Prov. e near the coast to Natal, Zululand, Swaziland and se Transvaal.  Occurence in Mozambique unconfirmed.
Laniarius ruficeps  RED-NAPED BUSHSHRIKE.  Dry acacia thorn scrub.  Sudan, extreme nw and s Somalia; e,s Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti and e,se Kenya.
Laniarius luehderi  LUEHDER'S BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest undergrowth, second growth.

 L. luehderi, brauni and amboimensis differ in the color of the underparts and have been treated as species (e.g., Sibley and Monroe 1990:499), but the evidence is equivocal and their status as "incipient species" is subject to challenge.  D. A. Turner (pers. comm.) recommends their inclusion in L. luehderi.  Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) agree. 
 L. l. luehderi.  From e Nigeria and s Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo s to sw Zaire and e across n Zaire to Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, s Sudan, w Kenya and sw Tanzania.
 L. l. brauni  ORANGE-BREASTED BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest undergrowth, second growth.  Nw Angola.
 L. l. amboimensis  GABELA BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest undergrowth, second growth.  Cw Angola.

Laniarius liberatus.  BULO BURTI BOUBOU.  Acacia thickets.  C Somalia.  Known from a single captive individual which was photographed but not saved as a type specimen.  Smith et al. (1991. Ibis 133:227-235) used the DNA from a blood sample for mtDNA sequencing of the cytochrome b gene and molted feathers were saved as type material.  Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) suggest that further evidence is required before this species can be accepted without doubt and raise the possibility that it is a hybrid involving L. ruficeps.  It is noted here because of the unusual nature of this case.  The absence of a type specimen may be sufficient to invalidate the name. 

Laniarius turatii  TURATI'S BOUBOU.  Forest.  Guinea-Bissau, Guinea and w,c Sierra Leone.
Laniarius aethiopicus  TROPICAL BOUBOU.  Thickets in wooded savanna.  E Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, s Nigeria, Cameroon, C. Afr. Rep., s Chad, s Sudan to Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zaire, Zambia, Malawi, s to c Angola, ne Namibia, n,e Botswana, Zimbabwe, s Mozambique and ne S. Africa in n Transvaal.
Laniarius bicolor  GABON BOUBOU.  Mangroves in Cameroon; riparian scrub in Zambia; undergrowth in Angola; reedbeds in Botswana.  From Cameroon s coastally in Gabon, Congo and Zaire to sw Angola and e across n Namibia, n Botswana and n Zimbabwe to sw Zambia.  May hybridize or intergrade with aethiopicus in central Angola but they are sympatric in sw Zambia.

Laniarius ferrugineus  SOUTHERN BOUBOU.  Dense thickets, often riparian.  S Mozambique, se Botswana, se Zimbabwe and ne S. Africa in Transvaal, Swaziland, e Orange Free State, Natal, s,e Cape Province.
Laniarius barbarus  COMMON GONOLEK.  The two races named below differ morphologically and may be distinct species.

 L. b. barbarus.  Acacia thornbush savanna.  Senegambia, s Mauritania, s Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Nigeria, n Cameroon and s Chad.
 L. b. helenae.  Mangroves.  Coastal Sierra Leone.

Laniarius erythrogaster  BLACK-HEADED GONOLEK.  Acacia thornbush savanna.  Nigeria, c,n Cameroon, C. Afr. Rep., Chad, Sudan, Eritrea and w,s Ethiopia and s to ne,se Zaire, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, nw Kenya and nw Tanzania.  Included in atrococcineus by Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) on the basis of similarities in vocalizations, but they are allopatric and differ in plumages.
Laniarius atrococcineus  CRIMSON-BREASTED GONOLEK.  Dry acacia thornbush.  From sw Angola and Namibia s to the Orange River and e to Botswana, s Zambia, w Zimbabwe and e S. Africa in nc Cape Prov., w,n Transvaal, w Orange Free State.  Sometimes treated as a subspecies of barbarus.  See L. erythrogaster.
Laniarius mufumbiri  PAPYRUS GONOLEK.  Papyrus swamps.  Ne,ce Zaire, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, nw Kenya and perhaps nw Tanzania.

Laniarius atroflavus  YELLOW-BREASTED BOUBOU.  Forest.  Mts. in se Nigeria and Cameroon.
Laniarius funebris  SLATE-COLORED BOUBOU.  Acacia savanna.  Somalia, s Ethiopia and s Sudan s to Uganda, Rwanda, Kenya and Tanzania.
Laniarius leucorhynchus  SOOTY BOUBOU.  Forest undergrowth.  Up to 1100 m in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, s Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Cabinda, n,ne Zaire, C. Afr. Rep., s Sudan, Uganda, sw,sc,ce Zaire and ne Angola.  Occurs below poensis in Cameroon and Zaire.
Laniarius poensis  MOUNTAIN BOUBOU.  Forest undergrowth.  Mts. 1150-3300 m in se Nigeria, s Cameroon, Fernando Po I.; ne,e,se Zaire, extreme sw Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi.

 Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) include poensis in fuelleborni and note that "further investigation is needed to clarify the meaning of vocal variation ...."  This problem also includes the decision to treat the allopatric, insular population on Fernando Po I. as conspecific with the mainland populations listed above under poensis.

Laniarius fuelleborni  FUELLEBORN'S BOUBOU.  Forest undergrowth.  Locally in mts. in extreme e Zambia, n Malawi and sw,sc,ne Tanzania.
Rhodophoneus cruentus  ROSY-PATCHED BUSHSHRIKE.  Desert thorn scrub.

 R. c. cruentus.  C,se Sudan and se Egypt s through Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia and Somalia to extreme s Sudan and n,e Kenya.
 R. c. cathemagmenus.  Extreme cs,se Kenya and ne Tanzania.  Males of cruentus and cathemagmenus occur in s Kenya and no intermediates are known.  Both may be good species.

 Telophorus and Malaconotus:  The South African List Committee prefer Telophorus for most of the following species, but the East African List Committee retain all in Malaconotus  (D. A. Turner, pers. comm.).
Telophorus zeylonus  BOKMAKIERIE BUSHSHRIKE.  Bushes in dry open country, towns.  Cw,sw Angola, Namibia (exc. ne), s Botswana e Zimbabwe, s Mozambique and S. Africa in Cape Prov., s Transvaal, w Swaziland, Lesotho and c,s Natal.
Telophorus bocagei  GREY-GREEN BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest.  S Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, C. African Rep., n,ne Zaire, Uganda and w Kenya, s to n Angola and sw,sc,ce Zaire.  Hybridizes with T. sulfureopectus in e Uganda.
Telophorus sulfureopectus  SULPHUR-BREASTED BUSHSHRIKE.  Savanna, woods.  Senegambia, sw Mali, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, s Niger, Cameroon, Gabon, C. Afr. Rep., s Chad, s Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Zaire, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Angola and s (exc. forested w,c) to n Namibia, n,e Botswana and e S. Africa in Transvaal, Swaziland, Natal and e Cape Province.

Telophorus olivaceus  OLIVE BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest.  Mts. of s Malawi and e Zimbabwe s to s Mozambique and e,se S. Africa in e Transvaal, Swaziland, Natal and s,e Cape Province.
Telophorus multicolor  MANY-COLORED BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest, thickets.  Sw Mali, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, s Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, nw Angola, C. African Rep., ce,ne Zaire, Rwanda, Uganda.
Telophorus nigrifrons  BLACK-FRONTED BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest, thickets.  Highlands from Kenya, Tanzania and se Zaire s through extreme e Angola, Zambia, Malawi, e Zimbabwe and w Mozambique to ne S. Africa in ne Transvaal.  Treated as a race of multicolor by Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993), but as a separate species by Sinclair, Hockey and Tarboton (1993. Birds of Southern Africa.  New Holland), based on the classification of the South African List Committee.

Telophorus kupeensis  SERLE'S BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest.  Known only from Kupé Mt. in sw Cameroon.  Place in Malaconotus by Dowsett and Forbes-Watson (1990, p. 91).
Telophorus viridis  PERRIN'S BUSHSHRIKE.  Thickets.  Sw Congo Rep., sw,sc,se Zaire s to c Angola, w Zambia.
Telophorus dohertyi  DOHERTY'S BUSHSHRIKE.  Thickets, forest, bracken.  Mts. above 1500 m in ce Zaire, w Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and nw,c Kenya.
Telophorus quadricolor  FOUR-COLORED BUSHSHRIKE.  Thickets.  From coastal s Somalia s through e Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, e Zimbabwe and s Mozambique to e S. Africa in e Transvaal, Swaziland and Natal.  Closely related to viridis and possibly conspecific.  Included in viridis by Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) because they are "vocally inseparable" although apparently allopatric.

Malaconotus cruentus  FIERY-BREASTED BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest.  Up to 1500 m in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, s Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, w Zaire, sw C. African Rep., n,ne,ce Zaire and w Uganda.
Malaconotus lagdeni  LAGDEN'S BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest.  Locally in lowlands and mts. up to 3800 m in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast; ce Zaire, Rwanda and Uganda.  Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) note that the western and eastern populations have songs that are "virtually indistinguishable" from those of M. blanchoti, and the voice of M. gladiator also belongs here .... "  and "Incidentally, vocalisations seem to have diverged very little in the group of large blanchot-like bush shrikes."  This should give pause to the lumping of allopatric populations based on similarities in vocalizations.  It also suggests that the two allopatric populations of M. lagdeni are separate species. 

Malaconotus gladiator  GREEN-BREASTED BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest.  Mts., 1300-2000 m in se Nigeria and s Cameroon.
Malaconotus blanchoti  GREY-HEADED BUSHSHRIKE.  Savanna.  Senegambia, sw Mali, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, n Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Nigeria, n Cameroon, C. African Rep., Chad, cn,ne Zaire, s Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Rwanda, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, s (exc. forested w,c) to s Angola, extreme ne Namibia (Caprivi), n,e Botswana, Mozambique and e S. Africa in e Transvaal, Swaziland, coastal Natal and e Cape Province.
Malaconotus monteiri  MONTEIRO'S BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest.  Locally in wc Africa where known from nw Angola and one specimen from Cameroon Mt. in sw Cameroon.  A lost specimen, allegedly from w Kenya, cannot be traced  (D. A. Turner, pers. comm.).

Malaconotus alius  ULUGURU BUSHSHRIKE.  Forest.  Uluguru Mts. of c Tanzania.

Tribe VANGINI

Prionops plumatus  WHITE HELMETSHRIKE.  Open wood, savanna.  Distributions under subspecies.
*
 It seems clear that poliocephalus is conspecific with plumatus, but hybridization between plumatus and cristatus seems to be restricted and cristatus may be a separate species. 
Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) include cristatus in plumatus.
*
 P. p. plumatus.  Except in heavy forest.  Senegambia, s Mauritania, s Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, s Niger, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon and s Chad.
 P. p. cristatus.  C. African Rep. e through cn,ne Zaire, s Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi,  (exc. sw), Ethiopia, Eritrea and n,c Kenya to Somalia.
 P. p. poliocephalus.  Angola (exc. extreme nw), cs,se,ce Zaire, sw Uganda, s Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, n Namibia, n,e Botswana and ne S. Africa in the Transvaal, Swaziland and Natal.

Prionops poliolophus  GREY-CRESTED HELMETSHRIKE.  Dry thorn bush, woods.  Sw Kenya and nw,cw Tanzania.
Prionops alberti  YELLOW-CRESTED HELMETSHRIKE.  Forest.  Mts., 1350-2450 m in ce Zaire.  Reports of occurrence in extreme sw Uganda and Rwanda are not confirmed (Dowsett and Forbes-Watson (1990).
Prionops caniceps  CHESTNUT-BELLIED HELMETSHRIKE.  Forest.

 The two groups have been considered separate species (e.g., Sibley and Monroe 1990:501), but the East African List Committee consider rufiventris to be a race of caniceps. (D. A. Turner, pers. comm.).  Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) agree.
 P. c. caniceps.  Guinea, s Mali, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin and s Nigeria.
 P. c. rufiventris  GABON HELMETSHRIKE.  S Cameroon, s C. African Rep., Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Cabinda, n,ne Zaire, w Uganda and sw,sc,ce Zaire.

Prionops retzii  RETZ'S HELMETSHRIKE or RED-BILLED HELMETSHRIKE.  Brachystegia, riparian and mopane woods.  Angola (exc. nw and range of gabela), se Zaire, Tanzania (exc. nw), s,e Kenya, se Somalia, Zambia, Malawi, n,e Botswana, Zimbabwe, s Mozambique, ne Namibia and ne S. Africa in n,e Transvaal, Swaziland, n Natal.
Prionops gabela  ANGOLA HELMETSHRIKE.  Moist forest.  Angolan escarpment of wc Angola near Gabela.  Possibly conspecific with retzii, but treated as a separate species because of morphological and ecological differences.
Prionops scopifrons  CHESTNUT-FRONTED HELMETSHRIKE.  Forest remnants.  From extreme s Somalia and nc,se Kenya s through e Tanzania and extreme e Zimbabwe to s Mozambique and extreme e S. Africa in n Natal.

Bias flammulatus  AFRICAN SHRIKE-FLYCATCHER.  Secondary forest.  Sierra Leone, Liberia, se Guinea, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, s Cameroon, Gulf of Guinea Is., Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, C. African Rep., n,ne Zaire, s Sudan, Uganda and w Kenya, s to nw Angola, s Zaire (except the extreme se).  Placed in Megabyas by Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) on the basis of behavior and field appearance, although the skulls of Bias musicus and flammulatus are "almost identical."
Bias musicus  BLACK-AND-WHITE SHRIKE-FLYCATCHER.  Humid forest edge, riparian thickets.  Possibly in Guinea, in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, c,s Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, C. Afr. Rep., n,ne Zaire, sw Sudan, Uganda and c,se Kenya, s to nw Angola, s Zaire (exc. extreme se), e,s Tanzania, Malawi, extreme se Zimbabwe and Mozambique.

Pseudobias wardi  WARD'S SHRIKE-FLYCATCHER.  Forest, edge, second growth.  Lowlands and mts., 170-1800 m of e Madagascar.
Batis diops  RUWENZORI BATIS.  Humid forest, edge.  Mts. in ce Zaire adjacent to w Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and extreme nw Tanzania.
 Batis capensis complex:  The Batis capensis complex (or superspecies) includes margaritae, mixta, reichenowi, dimorpha and capensis. The East African List Committee treat reichenowi as a race of capensis, and suggests that dimorpha is also a race of capensis. (D. A. Turner, pers. comm.).
Batis margaritae  BOULTON'S BATIS.  Humid forest, edge.  On Mt. Moco in cw Angola and mts. in nw Zambia and adjacent extreme se Zaire.

Batis mixta  SHORT-TAILED BATIS.  Humid forest, edge, scrub.  Lowlands of se Kenya; e,s Tanzania (except extreme se, but including mts to 2200 m), n Malawi in the Misuku Mts.  Considered a "good species" by Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993).
Batis reichenowi  REICHENOW'S BATIS.  Humid forest, edge, scrub.  Coastal lowlands of extreme se Tanzania.  Sometimes considered a race of mixta.  Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) treat reichenowi as a race of B. capensis, but they seem to be allopatric.
Batis dimorpha  MALAWI BATIS.  Humid forest, edge, scrub.  Mts. in Malawi (exc. the Misuku Mts.), adjacent ne Zambia and adjacent wc Mozambique.  Included in capensis by Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993), but they seem to be allopatric.

Batis capensis  CAPE BATIS.  Humid forest, edge, scrub.  E Zimbabwe, Mozambique and e,s S. Africa in Transvaal, Swaziland, Natal and s Cape Province.
Batis fratrum  ZULULAND BATIS.  Humid forest, edge, scrub.  Lowlands in se Zimbabwe, c,ne Mozambique, Malawi and extreme e S. Africa in Natal.
Batis molitor  CHINSPOT BATIS.  Brachystegia and acacia woods.  In s Gabon, Congo, sw,sc,ce,se Zaire, w,s Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, extreme se Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, n Namibia, Angola, Botswana (exc. sw), Zimbabwe, Mozambique and e S. Africa in Transvaal, Swaziland, n Orange Free State, Natal and e Cape Province.
Batis soror  PALE BATIS.  Brachystegia and acacia woods.  Lowlands in se Kenya and c,e,s Tanzania (incl. Zanzibar and Mafia is.), s to Malawi, Zimbabwe and Mozambique.  Sometimes included in molitor.

Batis pririt  PRIRIT BATIS.  Dry acacia steppe.  Sw Angola, Namibia (exc. ne), Botswana (exc. ne,e), and w,c S. Africa in w,cs Cape Prov., sw Transvaal and w Orange Free State.
Batis senegalensis  SENEGAL BATIS.  Open savanna, acacia steppe.  Senegambia, s Mauritania, Guinea, s Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, s Niger, and Cameroon.
Batis orientalis  GREY-HEADED BATIS.  Open savanna, acacia steppe.  N Nigeria, s Niger, Cameroon, c,s Chad, C. African Rep., s Sudan, ne Uganda, Ethiopia,Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia and nw,ne Kenya.
Batis minor  BLACK-HEADED BATIS.  Humid woods, scrub, riparian vegetation.  Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, C. African Rep., s Chad, s,e Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and s Somalia s to n Angola, sw,sc,ce,ne Zaire, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda (exc. sw), w,se Kenya and e Tanzania.

Batis perkeo  PYGMY BATIS.  Dry acacia steppe.  Extreme se Sudan, ne Uganda, s,e Ethiopia, s Somalia, n,ne,se Kenya and extreme ne Tanzania.
Batis minima  VERREAUX'S BATIS.  Humid forest.  Cs Cameroon and w Gabon.
Batis ituriensis  ITURI BATIS.  Humid forest.  Cn,ne,ce Zaire and Uganda.
Batis occulta  WEST AFRICAN BATIS.  Humid forest.  Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, s Cameroon and Gabon.  Considered conspecific with poensis by Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993).
Batis poensis  FERNANDO PO BATIS.  Humid forest.  Fernando Po I. in the Gulf of Guinea.  Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) include the mainland B. occulta in poensis.  It is at least equally reasonable to treat insular forms as separate species.

Batis minulla  ANGOLA BATIS.  Vestigial forest patches, edge.  S Congo Rep., Cabinda, sw,cs Zaire and w Angola.
 Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) divide the species of wattle-eyes into Dyaphorophyia and Platysteira, with only cyanea and peltata in Platysteira, and the "small, colourful wattle-eyes (castanea, concreta et al.) which form a link between Batis and Platysteira" in Dyaphorophyia.  It seems equally reasonable to use the superspecies concept or to use subgenera, rather than to add more genera to an already highly split group.

Platysteira cyanea  BROWN-THROATED WATTLE-EYE.  Forest edge, riverine forest.  Senegambia, sw Mali, Guinea-Bissau, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, s Niger, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, C. African Rep., s Sudan and w,sc Ethiopia, s to extreme nw Angola, sw,sc,ce,ne Zaire, Uganda (incl. islands in Lake Victoria), Rwanda, Burundi, w Kenya and nw Tanzania.  Occurs at lower elevations than laticincta or peltata where both species occur in mountainous areas.
Platysteira peltata  BLACK-THROATED WATTLE-EYE.  Forest edge, riverine forest.  Lowlands to 1500 m in Angola, sc,e,ne Zaire, s Uganda, Burundi, s Somalia, w,c,se Kenya and Tanzania (incl. Mafia I.), s to Malawi, Zambia, n,e Zimbabwe, s Mozambique and e S. Africa in e Transvaal and Natal.

Platysteira laticincta  BANDED WATTLE-EYE.  Forest edge, riverine forest.  Mts. ca. 1800 m in s Cameroon.  Often included in peltata but laticincta is an isolated montane population.  It is as reasonable to treat it as a separate species as to combine it with allopatric populations.
Platysteira albifrons  WHITE-FRONTED WATTLE-EYE.  Forest edge, riverine forest.  Lowlands and escarpment edge in nw,cw Angola and adjacent Zaire.  Occurs at lower elevations than peltata.
Platysteira castanea  CHESTNUT WATTLE-EYE.  Humid forest.  Lowlands in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, s Cameroon, Gulf of Guinea Is., Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, C. African Rep., n,ne Zaire, extreme se Sudan, Uganda, w Kenya, Tanzania, s to nw Angola, sw,cs,ce Zaire and ne Zambia.

Platysteira tonsa  WHITE-SPOTTED WATTLE-EYE.  Humid forest.  Locally in lowlands in Ivory Coast, s Nigeria, s Cameroon, Gabon, sw C. African Rep., and ne,ce Zaire.
Platysteira blissetti  RED-CHEEKED WATTLE-EYE.  Humid forest, undergrowth.  Lowlands below 600 m in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria and s Cameroon.
Platysteira chalybea  BLACK-NECKED WATTLE-EYE.  Humid forest, undergrowth.  Lowlands to 1500 m in s Cameroon, Fernando Po I., Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.  Has been included in blissetti.
Platysteira jamesoni  JAMESON'S WATTLE-EYE.  Humid forest, undergrowth.  Cn,ne,ce Zaire, extreme se Sudan, Uganda, w Kenya and extreme nw Tanzania.  May be conspecific with blissetti, but the range of chalybea separates jamesoni from blissettii; here regarded as an allospecies.

Platysteira concreta  YELLOW-BELLIED WATTLE-EYE.  Humid forest undergrowth.  Locally in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, C. African Rep., w Angola, ne,ce Zaire, w Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, w Kenya; the Kungwe Mts. of extreme w Tanzania.  The population in the Kungwe Mts. (kungwensis) is usually considered conspecific with concreta, but it differs in wattle color and may be a distinct species; here considered an allospecies.
Philentoma pyrhopterum  RUFOUS-WINGED PHILENTOMA.  Forest.  Up to 1500 m in the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra incl. Batu Is., Lingga Arch. and Bangka; Borneo incl. the Natuna Is.
Philentoma velatum  MAROON-BREASTED PHILENTOMA.  Forest.  Up to 1500 m in the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java and Borneo.

Tephrodornis gularis  LARGE WOODSHRIKE.  Forest, woods.  Locally in hills to 1500 m from sw,e India and s China, s through se Asia to Sumatra, Java and Borneo.
Tephrodornis pondicerianus  COMMON WOODSHRIKE.  Open forest, woods, scrub.  Up to 1500 m in n,e Pakistan, India n to Himalayan foothills, Sri Lanka, Burma, nw,ne,sw Thailand, Cambodia, s,c Laos and s Vietnam.
Calicalicus madagascariensis  RED-TAILED VANGA.  Forest, brush.  Up to 1800 m; w,n,e Madagascar s to the Tabiky River in the west.
Schetba rufa  RUFOUS VANGA.  Forest.  Locally in lowlands to 2000 m of w,n Madagascar.

 Yamagishi, et al. (1995. Ibis 137:157-161) found 27 nests and observed the birds for 2 months; 12 birds were color banded.  They lived in communal groups of 2-4 individuals, usually 1 female, 1 or 2 males and sometimes a presumed immature; all defended the territory.  The immatures helped to feed young and guard the nest, but did not incubate or brood.

Vanga curvirostris  HOOK-BILLED VANGA.  Forest, woods, mangroves.  Lowlands to 1800 m of Madagascar.

Xenopirostris xenopirostris  LAFRESNAYE'S VANGA.  Arid brushland.  Lowlands of sw,s Madagascar.
Xenopirostris damii  VAN DAM'S VANGA.  Dry woodland.  Lowlands of nw Madagascar.
Xenopirostris polleni  POLLEN'S VANGA.  Forests.  Lowlands to 1000 m of nw coastal and e  Madagascar from Sianaka Forest to Fanovana.
Falculea palliata  SICKLE-BILLED VANGA.  Woods, savanna, mangroves.  Lowlands to 900 m w,n,s Madagascar.

Artamella viridis  WHITE-HEADED VANGA.  Forest, woods, brush, mangroves.  Lowlands to 2000 m of Madagascar.
Leptopterus chabert  CHABERT VANGA.  Forest, woods, farms.  Lowlands to 1800 m of Madagascar.  A communal breeder (Grimes, L. 1976. Ostrich 47:1-15).
Cyanolanius madagascarinus  BLUE VANGA.  Forest, brush.  Lowlands to 1800 m of n,e Madagascar s to Tulear and Fort Dauphin; and Grand Comoro I. and Mohéli I. in the Comoro Islands.
Oriolia bernieri  BERNIER'S VANGA.  Forest.  Lowlands to 900 m of ne Madagascar.
Euryceros prevostii  HELMETBIRD.  Forest.  Hills to 1800 m of ne Madagascar.

Tylas eduardi  KINKIMAVO.  Forest, second growth.  Cw,e Madagascar.
Hypositta corallirostris  CORAL-BILLED NUTHATCH.  Humid forest.  Up to 1800 m in e Madagascar.
 

Family CALLAEATIDAE
Callaeas cinerea  KOKAKO.  Forest.  New Zealand; present at many localities on the North Island; now rare and local on the S. Island; probably extirpated on Stewart I. where last reported in the 1940's.
Philesturnus carunculatus  SADDLEBACK.  Forest.  New Zealand, now only on a few rat-free small islands.
*Heteralocha acutirostris  HUIA.  Extinct.  Formerly mountain forests of n New Zealand.
 

Family PICATHARTIDAE
Chaetops frenatus  RUFOUS ROCK-JUMPER.  Rocky slopes up to 600 m in S. Africa in sw Cape Prov.
Chaetops aurantius  ORANGE-BREASTED ROCK-JUMPER.  Rocky slopes of mts. in e S. Africa in w Natal, Lesotho, e Orange Free State and e Cape Province.
Picathartes gymnocephalus  WHITE-NECKED ROCKFOWL.  Forest.  Locally in Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast and Ghana.  The forest surrounding one of two known colonies in Ivory Coast has been converted to banana cultivation; the colony previusly had 18 nests on large rocks or in caves, but the outlook is bleak for this area (World Birdwatch 1994. 16(1):2).

Picathartes oreas  GREY-NECKED ROCKFOWL.  Forest.  Sw Cameroon, ne Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, se Nigeria and Fernando Po (Bioko) Island in the Gulf of Guinea (Butynski and Koster, 1989.  Tauraco 1:186-189).