Superfamily CORVOIDEA
Family PETROICIDAE 
Amalocichla sclateriana  GREATER GROUND-ROBIN.  Forest floor.  Mts., 2700-3900 m in the Snow Mts. and Owen Stanley Mts. of c,se New Guinea.
Amalocichla incerta  LESSER GROUND-ROBIN.  Forest floor.  Mts. 1200-2750 m in the Arfak Mts.; from the Wandammen, Weyland and Snow mts. to the n coastal ranges, e highlands, Saruwaged and Herzog mts. and se ranges of New Guinea.
Monachella muelleriana  TORRENT ROBIN.  Rushing, open, boulder-strewn streams.  Up to 1800 m, usually above 300 m, in New Guinea and on New Britain I. in the cs Bismarck Archipelago.

Microeca fascinans  JACKY-WINTER.  Open woods, often with large fallen branches, savanna.  Se New Guinea near Port Moresby and Australia; absent from humid forest and extreme desert.
Microeca hemixantha  GOLDEN-BELLIED FLYROBIN.  Forest, woods, mangroves.  Lowlands of Tanimbar Islands.  Closely related to flavigaster.
Microeca flavigaster  LEMON-BELLIED FLYROBIN.  Savanna, forest swamps, mangroves.  Locally in ne W. Australia (Kimberleys from King Sound to w shores of Joseph Bonaparte Gulf) and n N. Territory e to ne Queensland from Cape York Peninsula s to Carmila; widespread in s New Guinea, local in n New Guinea.  Includes tormenti.

Microeca griseoceps  YELLOW-LEGGED FLYROBIN.  Forest, edge, second growth.  Mts., 600-1500 m in the Arfak, Weyland, Mamberano, Victor Emanuel, Cyclops and Herzog mts., and the se ranges of New Guinea, incl. lowlands in s New Guinea; ne Australia from n Queensland s to Claudie River and Atherton area.  In New Guinea occurs between the elevations occupied by flavovirescens and papuana.
Microeca flavovirescens  OLIVE FLYROBIN.  Forest understory, shrubs.  Lowlands, occasionally up to 1500 m in the Aru Is. and w Papuan is. of Waigeo, Batanta, Misool; New Guinea, incl. Yapen I., occurs above 600 m only where griseoceps is absent.

Microeca papuana  CANARY FLYROBIN.  Forest.  Mts., 1450-3500 m from the Vogelkop to the c,se ranges of New Guinea.  Occurs above griseoceps.
Eugerygone rubra  GARNET ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth, mossy forest.  Mts., 1400-3650 m of New Guinea in the Arfak, Kumawa, Weyland, Snow, Foya and Saruwaged mts. and the se ranges.  Affinities uncertain; has been placed in the Sylviidae but seems related to Petroica.
Petroica bivittata  ALPINE ROBIN.  Forest, bushes in grassland.  Mts., 2700-3500 m of New Guinea in the Snow Mts., Hagen Mts. and vicinity, and the se ranges.
Petroica archboldi  SNOW MOUNTAIN ROBIN.  Bare rocks, cliffs and talus slopes above alpine grasslands.  Mts., 3650-4200 m of wc New Guinea in the Snow Mts., on Carstenz Massif and Mt. Wilhelmina.

Petroica multicolor  SCARLET ROBIN.  Dry forest, towns, woods.  Solomon Is. on Bougainville, Kulambangra, Guadalcanal, San Cristobal; Vanuatu; Banks Is.; Fijian Is. on Vanua Levu, Taveuni, Viti Levu and Kandavu; Samoan Is. on Savaii and Upolu; Norfolk I.; sw W. Australia, n to Jurien Bay and e to Esperance; from se Queensland s through e,s New S. Wales to Victoria and se S. Australia, w to Eyre Peninsula and Kangaroo I.  Tasmania and Flinders I.
Petroica macrocephala  TOMTIT.  Forest, woods, scrub.  New Zealand on the North, South and adjacent small islands; Chatham, Auckland and Snares islands.
Petroica goodenovii  RED-CAPPED ROBIN.  Forest, scrub, mulga, Callitris, Melaleuca.  Interior Australia.  Absent from coastal areas and the n tropics of ne W. Australia, n N. Territory and n Queensland, but incl. Flinders I. of s S.Australia and Rottnest I. off W. Australia.

Petroica phoenicea  FLAME ROBIN.  Dry forest, woods, open country.  From se Queensland, ne,e,s  New S. Wales to Victoria and se S. Australia; Tasmania and islands in Bass Strait.
Petroica rosea  ROSE ROBIN.  Forest.  Se Queensland n to Rockhampton, through e, se New S. Wales and Victoria to se S. Australia w to the Mt. Lofty Range.
Petroica rodinogaster  PINK ROBIN.  Forest understory.  Se New S. Wales, s Victoria to extreme se S. Australia; Tasmania and islands in Bass Strait.  Breeds mainly in Tasmania; has bred in Victoria and winters more widely.
Petroica australis  NEW ZEALAND ROBIN.  Forest, second growth.  Locally in New Zealand, incl. adjacent small islands.

Petroica traversi  CHATHAM ISLANDS ROBIN.  Coastal forest, scrub.  Originally on all Chatham Islands; now a small population on Little Mangare I.
Melanodryas cucullata  HOODED ROBIN.  Open forest, arid savanna.  Australia except ne Queensland, coastal New S. Wales and Tasmania.
Melanodryas vittata  DUSKY ROBIN.  Open woods with fallen branches.  Tasmania, incl. islands in Bass Strait.  Closely related to cucullata.
Tregellasia capito  PALE-YELLOW ROBIN.  Humid forest, often associated with "lawyer vine".

 These disjunct populations may be allospecies.
 T. c. nana.  Locally in lowlands to 1500 m in ne Queensland from Cardwell and Atherton Tablelands to Cooktown area, incl. Hinchinbrook I.
 T. c. capito.  Se Queensland n to Blackall and ne New S. Wales in the Newcastle area.

Tregellasia leucops  WHITE-FACED ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth.  Mts., 500-1800 m in New Guinea from the Vogelkop, Fakfak, Kumawa and Snow mts. to the c ranges, Cyclops Mts., Huon Peninsula and se ranges, incl. Yapen I.  Lowlands of ne Queensland from Cape York Peninsula s to Chester River.
Eopsaltria australis  YELLOW ROBIN.  Forest, woods, towns.  From coastal ne Queensland n to Atherton Tableland and Cooktown, s through e Queensland and e New S. Wales to e,s Victoria and se S. Australia.
Eopsaltria griseogularis  GREY-BREASTED ROBIN.  Forest, woods, towns.  From sw,s W. Australia n to Shark Bay and Murchison River, e to coastal s S. Australia to the Eyre Peninsula.  Sometimes lumped with australis.  Also called Western Yellow Robin.

Eopsaltria flaviventris  YELLOW-BELLIED ROBIN.  Forest, bushes, ground.  New Caledonia.
Eopsaltria georgiana  WHITE-BREASTED ROBIN.  Forest, thickets, coastal acacia scrub.  Sw W. Australia n to Geraldton and e to Albany.
Eopsaltria pulverulenta  MANGROVE ROBIN.  Mangroves.  Coastal lowlands of nw,s New Guinea from Geelvink Bay e to Sepik River; from Mimika River to Milne Bay; Aru Is.; coastal n Australia from nw W. Australia w to Exmouth Gulf, e through n N. Territory to ne Queensland from the Cape York Peninsula s to the Burdekin River.  The name E. leucura, sometimes used for this species, is a synonym of pulverulenta.

Poecilodryas brachyura  BLACK-CHINNED ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth.  Up to 650 m of nw,n New Guinea from the Vogelkop e to Wandammen and Weyland mts. and the Sepik River, incl. Yapen I.
Poecilodryas hypoleuca  BLACK-SIDED ROBIN.  Forest understory, thickets, second growth.  Up to 300 m, occasionally to 1100 m, in the w Papuan islands on Waigeo, Salawati and Misool and New Guinea, except the e, se peninsula.
Poecilodryas superciliosa  WHITE-BROWED ROBIN.  Humid forest, riparian vegetation, mangroves.  Coastal ne W. Australia w to Derby, e through n N. Territory to n Queensland from Cape York s to Rockhampton.

Poecilodryas placens  OLIVE-YELLOW ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth.  Locally up to 1100 m on Batanta in the w Papuan islands and in New Guinea in the Fakfak, Kumawa, Wandammen and Weyland mts., head of Geelvink Bay, Astrolabe Bay, Owen Stanley Mts., Port Moresby area.  Probably occurs widely in the lowlands.
Poecilodryas albonotata  BLACK-THROATED ROBIN.  Forest.  Mts. 1350-2750 m in New Guinea from the Vogelkop to the Snow Mts., c highlands, Huon Peninsula and the se ranges.
Peneothello sigillatus  WHITE-WINGED ROBIN.  Thickets in moss forest, edge, shrubs.  Mts. 2100-3900 m of c,e New Guinea from the Snow and Hagen mts. and c highlands e to Huon Peninsula and the se ranges.  Replaces cyanus at higher elevations.

Peneothello cryptoleucus  SMOKY ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth.  Mts., 1400-2100 m of w New Guinea in the Arfak, Fakfak, Kumawa, Weyland, Foya and Snow mts.
Peneothello cyanus  BLUE-GREY ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth.  Mts., 950-2750 m of New Guinea from the Arfak, Wandammen and Snow mts. to the c highlands, Cyclops Mts., Huon Peninsula and the se ranges.  Occurs below sigillatus.
Peneothello bimaculatus  WHITE-RUMPED ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth, edge.  Locally in mts., 350-1000 m of New Guinea in the Arfak, Weyland, Van Rees, Foya, Snow and Adelbert mts., Huon Peninsula and the se ranges, incl. Yapen I.

Heteromyias albispecularis  ASHY ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth, edge.  Mts., 850-2550 m of New Guinea from the Vogelkop to Weyland, Kumawa, Snow and Foya mts., n slopes of c ranges, Saruwaged and Herzog mts. and the se ranges.
Heteromyias cinereifrons  GREY-HEADED ROBIN.  Forest undergrowth, edge.  Coastal highlands of ne Queensland from Cooktown s to the Townsville area.  Often lumped with albispecularis.
Pachycephalopsis hattamensis  GREEN-BACKED ROBIN.  Dense forest undergrowth.  Mts., 600-1650 m of w,c New Guinea from the Vogelkop and Wandammen mts. to the Weyland, Snow and Foya mts., incl. Yapen I.; se Victor Emanuel Mts.

Pachycephalopsis poliosoma  WHITE-EYED ROBIN.  Dense forest undergrowth.  Mts. 1000-2150 m of c,e New Guinea from the Weyland and Snow mts. to the c,e highlands, Hunstein, Saruwaged and Herzog mts., Huon Peninsula and se ranges.
Drymodes superciliaris  NORTHERN SCRUB-ROBIN.  Humid forest floor, edge, vine scrub.  Lowlands to 1450 m in the Aru Is., w,c,se New Guinea on the slopes of the Arfak, Wandammen, Cyclops and Snow mts., se ranges to the Oriomo River; lowlands near mouth of the Fly River; ne Queensland from Cape York Peninsula s to lower Archer River and Coen.
Drymodes brunneopygia  SOUTHERN SCRUB-ROBIN.  Mallee, broombrush, dry scrub, heath, coastal thickets.  Locally in w W. Australia n to Shark Bay and e to e of Israelite Bay; from se S. Australia from the Eyre Peninsula to Flinders Range, e to sw New S. Wales, e to Cocopara Natl. Park and nw Victoria.
 

Family IRENIDAE

Irena puella  ASIAN FAIRY-BLUEBIRD. Forest, edge.  Lowlands to 1800 m in sw, ne India, Sikkim, Bhutan, Bangladesh, sw China, se Asia, Andaman Is., Sumatra, Java, Borneo and adj. is., and Calamian Is. and Palawan in the Philippines.
Irena cyanogaster PHILIPPINE FAIRY-BLUEBIRD.  Forest, edge.  Philippines Luzon, Polillo Is., Catanduanes, Samar, Leyte, Mindanao and Basilan.
Chloropsis flavipennis  PHILIPPINE LEAFBIRD.  Forest, edge.  Lowlands to 1500 m in the c,s Philippines on Leyte, Cebu and Mindanao.
Chloropsis palawanensis  YELLOW-THROATED LEAFBIRD.  Forest, edge, scrub.  Sw Philippines on the Calamian Is., Palawan and Balabac.

Chloropsis sonnerati  GREATER GREEN LEAFBIRD.  Woods.  Lowlands to 1000 m in sw Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Java and Borneo.
Chloropsis cyanopogon  LESSER GREEN LEAFBIRD.  Forest, second growth.  Lowlands to 1000 m on the Malay Pen., Sumatra and adj. islands of Nias, Batu Is., Riau Arch., Bangka and Belitung; Borneo and Banggi I.
Chloropsis cochinchinensis  BLUE-WINGED LEAFBIRD.  Forest, edge, farms.  Lowlands to 1200 m of s India and Sri Lanka; e India in Assam, Bangladesh and Manipur, sw China in s Yunnan, se Asia, Sumatra, Lingga Arch., Bangka and Belitung, Java and Borneo incl. Natuna Is.
Chloropsis aurifrons  GOLDEN-FRONTED LEAFBIRD.  Open woods, scrub, forest.  Lowlands to 1800 m in n India w in Himalayan foothills to Garhwal and from Gujarat s to Kerala and Tamil Nadu, ne to Bihar; Sri Lanka, sw China, se Asia (exc. c Thailand and n Vietnam) and Sumatra.

Chloropsis hardwickii  ORANGE-BELLIED LEAFBIRD.  Open forest, scrub.  Hills to 2400 m in nw India, Burma, s China, nw Thailand, n,c Laos, n,c Vietnam and Malaya.
Chloropsis venusta  BLUE-MASKED LEAFBIRD.  Forest.  Foothills, 600-1500 m, of Sumatra.
 

Family ORTHONYCHIDAE

Orthonyx temminckii  LOGRUNNER.  On ground in wet forest.  Locally in mts. 1200-2850 m of New Guinea; lowlands and hills in se Queensland n to Blackall and e New South Wales s to the Illawarra District.
Orthonyx spaldingii  CHOWCHILLA.  On ground in wet forest.  Ne Queensland from Cooktown s to Townsville area and inland to the Atherton Tableland.
 

Family POMATOSTOMIDAE

 Pomatostomus superciliosus  White-browed Babbler.  Arid woods, brush.  From c,s W. Australia n to N.W. Cape, e across s N. Territory and S. Australia (exc. extreme ne), to Victoria, New S. Wales and inland se Queensland n to Chinchilla.  Largely allopatric with temporalis.

 Pomatostomus halli  Hall's Babbler.  Open woods, acacia shrubs on rocky hills, light mulga, spinifex.  Sw Queensland n to Boulia and Winton and e to Charleville and Cunnmulla, and extreme nw New S. Wales.
Pomatostomus ruficeps  Chestnut-crowned Babbler.  Arid woods, mallee, mulga, saltbush, riparian vegetation.  Sw Queensland n to Windoran and Dirranbandi, w New S. Wales e to Nyngan and Balranald, extreme nw Victoria and ce,ne S. Australia w to the head of Spencer Gulf.

Family LANIIDAE

Lanius tigrinus  TIGER SHRIKE.  Open forest, edge.  Se Siberia, Korea and ne,c China from s Shensi, Hopeh and Kirin s to e Szechwan, Hunan and n Chekiang.
Lanius bucephalus  BULL-HEADED SHRIKE.  Open country, towns.  Se Siberia, Sakhalin, s Kuril Is., ne China, Korea, Japan and the Izu Is.
Lanius collurio  RED-BACKED SHRIKE.  Open woods, scrub, savanna, desert, farms.  From s British Isles and s Scandinavia e across nw,c Russia and w Siberia e to Yenisei River, Altai and w Transbaicalia, s to n Mediterranean region, incl. Corsica, Sardinia and Cyprus (absent from c,s Spain), Turkey, Near East, nw Iran, s Russia, c Caspian Sea area, Aral Sea, n Kazakhstan, n China and Mongolia.

 Relationships among collurio, isabellinus and cristatus are unclear. 

Lanius isabellinus  RUFOUS-TAILED SHRIKE.  Open woods, scrub, savanna, desert, farms.  Iran (except nw,n), Afghanistan w to Transcaspia and n to Aral Sea, c Kazakhstan and Kirghiz steppes and w China in Sinkiang and n Tsinghai.
 Lanius cristatus  BROWN SHRIKE.  Open woods, thorn scrub, savanna, farms.  C,s Siberia to s Kamchatka and Sakhalin, n Mongolia, ne,c China from e Inner Mongolia to e Szechwan, s Shensi, Hopeh, Fukien, Kiangsi and Kwangsi; Korea and n Japan.  Vagrants have been recorded in Alaska and California.
Lanius collurioides  BURMESE SHRIKE.  Scrub, farms.  Mts. to 1800 m in ne India, Burma, s China and se Asia, except Malay Peninsula.
Lanius gubernator  EMIN'S SHRIKE.  Savanna.  Locally in n Ghana, n Nigeria, Cameroon, ne Zaire s Sudan and n Uganda.
Lanius souzae  SOUSA'S SHRIKE.  Brachystegia woods.  Congo Rep., sw,sc,se Zaire, Rwanda, s Uganda and w Tanzania s to Angola, n Namibia, n Botswana, Zambia, Malawi and nw Mozambique.
Lanius vittatus  BAY-BACKED SHRIKE.  Scrub, open country, farms.  Lowlands in extreme s Russia (sc Transcaspia), Afghanistan, Pakistan and India, except Assam and Bangladesh.
Lanius schach  LONG-TAILED SHRIKE.  Open country (not desert), scrub.  Lowlands and mts. to 3000-4300 m from ne Iran and s Russia e through s Turkestan, Tadzhikistan, Pakistan, India, se Tibet, s,sw China, Burma (exc. Tenasserim), Thailand (exc. peninsula), Laos, n,c Vietnam; Hainan, Taiwan, Malaya, Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Is. (e to Wetar, Kisar, Timor); mid-mountain grasslands of c,e New Guinea w to the Victor Emanuel Mts. and Huon Peninsula; n Borneo and the Philippines, incl. the Sulu Archipelago.
Lanius tephronotus  GREY-BACKED SHRIKE.  Open country, forest clearings.  Himalayas above 2100 m from n India and Tibet e to w,c China in n Yunnan and Shensi.

Lanius validirostris  MOUNTAIN SHRIKE.  Forest clearings, open woods, edge, scrub in grasslands.  Mts. above 1000 m on the Philippine Is. of Luzon, Mindoro and Mindanao.
Lanius minor  LESSER GREY SHRIKE.  Forest, woods, orchards with open grassy areas.  From c,e Europe (Netherlands, Belgium, c France, Italy) e to c,s Russia, sw Siberia (Altai) and s Russia, s to Turkey, Iran and n Afghanistan; absent from area between Caspian and Aral seas and the north of Transcaspia and Turkestan.
Lanius ludovicianus  LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE.  Open country.  From California (exc. nw), incl. Channel Islands, e Oregon, e Washington and c Alberta e across s Canada to sw New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, s to s Baja California, Cedros I., through Mexico to Oaxaca and Vera Cruz, and to the Gulf coast and s Florida.  Formerly common but disappearing from many parts of breeding range, esp. the ne.

 Occasionally treated as a subspecies group of L. excubitor. 

Lanius excubitor  NORTHERN SHRIKE. Open country, tundra, edge, desert.

 The meridionalis subspecies group sometimes is treated as a separate species, but the two groups are no longer incontact, perhaps as a result of the population decline in Europe.

 L. e. excubitor.  Continental Europe and n Scandinavia e across n Russia and n Siberia to Anadyrland (absent from Kamchatka), s to c France, n Italy, Balkans, Crimea, Ukraine, Ural Mts., nw China in Sinkiang, Kansu, Ningsia, Mongolia, s Siberia (except s Amurland and Ussuriland, but including Sakhalin and s Kuril Islands; n N. America from w,n Alaska and n Canada, s to s Alaska, n British Columbia, n Alberta and n Manitoba; from n Quebec to c Quebec and s Labrador.
 L. e. meridionalis.  From s France, Iberian Peninsula, and Canary Is., e across n Africa s to s Mauritania, s Mali, Senegambia, Burkina Faso, s Niger, ne Nigeria, Cameroon, s Chad, c Sudan, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Socotra I., Arabia, Middle East, to n,e Caspian Sea area e through Aral Sea region and Transcaspia to e Kazakhstan and Lake Balkash region, Pakistan and w,n India and Bangladesh. 

Lanius sphenocercus  CHINESE GREY SHRIKE.  Scrub, sparse woods.  High mts. in Mongolia, se Siberia, n,c,se China and Korea. 
Lanius excubitoroides  GREY-BACKED FISCAL.  Open acacia savanna.  S Mauritania, s Mali, ne Nigeria, Cameroon, C. Afr. Rep., Chad, Sudan and Ethiopia, s through ne,ce Zaire, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and w Kenya to w,s Tanzania.
Lanius cabanisi  LONG-TAILED FISCAL.  Arid thorn bush.  Se Somalia through c,se Kenya to ne Tanzania.
Lanius dorsalis  TAITA FISCAL.  Arid thorn bush.  From extreme s Sudan, s Ethiopia and s Somalia s through e Uganda and Kenya to ne Tanzania.
Lanius somalicus  SOMALI FISCAL.  Dry thorn bush.  Extreme se Sudan, Ethiopia (exc. nw), Somalia and n Kenya.

Lanius mackinnoni  MACKINNON'S SHRIKE.  Woods, edge.  Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Cabinda s to n Angola; ne,ce,sc Zaire, Uganda, w Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi, nw Tanzania.
Lanius collaris  COMMON FISCAL.  Grass, open areas, farms.  Lowlands and mts. in S Mali, Burkina Faso, Sierra Leone, se Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Niger, s Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Zaire, C. African Rep., s Chad, s Sudan, Ethiopia (exc. e), Eritrea, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia and Malawi s to Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe and sw Mozambique, w through S. Africa to Namibia. 
Lanius newtoni  NEWTON'S FISCAL.  Grassland, farms.  São Tomé I. off w Africa.  Sometimes lumped with collaris.  It is reasonable to treat sedentary, insular populations as separate species.

Lanius marwitzi  UHEHE FISCAL.  Grassland, clearings, farms.  Highlands of ne,c,sw Tanzania.  Usually considered to be a race of collaris but marwitzi is ecologically distinct and apparently doesn't interbreed with adjacent lowland collaris.  "The East African List Committee continue to consider the distinctive marwitzi as a race of collaris."  (D. A. Turner, pers. comm.).  Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) agree, but intergradation is uncertain -- the question can remain open for additional evidence.
Lanius senator  WOODCHAT SHRIKE.  Open areas with sparse woods, orchards, edge.  From w Europe n to France, Germany and Poland, s to the Mediterranean, including most islands; n Africa from Morocco e to s Tunisia and n Libya; Balkans, w,s Turkey, Near East, n Iraq, w,s Iran and s Russia in the Transcaucasus.

Lanius nubicus  MASKED SHRIKE.  Sparse forest, scrub, orchards.  From Greece and w,s Turkey s to Israel and e to Iraq and sw Iran.
Corvinella corvina  YELLOW-BILLED SHRIKE.  Acacia savanna.  S Mauritania, s Mali, Burkind Faso, Senegambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Togo, n Benin, Ghana, s Niger,  Nigeria, Cameroon, s Chad and n C. African Rep., s Chad, s Sudan, extreme ne Zaire, Uganda and w Kenya.
Corvinella melanoleuca  MAGPIE SHRIKE.  Acacia savanna.  S Angola, s Zambia, Tanzania and sw Kenya, Zimbabwe and Mozambique to c Namibia, Botswana and ne S. Africa in cn Cape Prov., Transvaal, w Orange Free State and n Natal.

 "The East African List Committee are of the opinion that corvina and melanoleuca are not closely related, and place melanoleuca back into Urolestes."  (D. A. Turner, pers. comm.).  Dowsett and Dowsett-Lemaire (1993) agree.  Degrees of relationship, unless based on genetic measurements, are subjective -- either treatment can be defended or criticized.

Eurocephalus rueppelli  WHITE-RUMPED SHRIKE.  Dry, open, acacia woodland.  From se Sudan, c,s,e Ethiopia and Somalia s through e Uganda and Kenya to s Tanzania.
Eurocephalus anguitimens  WHITE-CROWNED SHRIKE.  Dry, open, acacia woodland.  S Angola, n,c Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, s Mozambique and n S. Africa in n Cape Prov. and Transvaal.

 The East African and South African List Committees place the species of Eurocephalus with the Helmet-Shrikes in the "Prionopidae" (= in part, Corvidae/Vangini of Sibley and Monroe 1990:501).  DNA hybridization evidence indicates that the "Prionopidae" was a composite group of superficially similar species.

Family VIREONIDAE

 Cyclarhis gujanensis  RUFOUS-BROWED PEPPERSHRIKE.  Humid forest edge, second growth, deciduous woods, scrub.  Lowlands and foothills up to 2600 m (mostly below 1500 m) from c,s Mexico (San Luis Potosí to Chiapas, incl. Yucatán, Cozumel and Cancun is.), s to Panama (incl. I. Coiba), and from sw,n,c,e Columbia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Guianas s, through Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil to n Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay.
Cyclarhis nigrirostris  BLACK-BILLED PEPPERSHRIKE.  Humid forest edge, second growth.  Andes, 1300-2700 m in Colombia and w,e Ecuador s to El Oro and Zamora.
Vireolanius melitophrys  CHESTNUT-SIDED SHRIKE-VIREO.  Oak forest, open woods, second growth.  Highlands, 1200-3050 m from Mexico from Jalisco, San Luis Potosí and Veracruz s to w Guatemala.

Vireolanius pulchellus  GREEN SHRIKE-VIREO.  Humid forest, edge, second growth.  Up to 1800 m from s Mexico in Veracruz, n Oaxaca and Chiapas s on the Caribbean slope to Nicaragua, locally on Pacific slope of El Salvador and on both slopes of Costa Rica (exc. nw), and Panama, e to the Canal Zone and e Panamá province.
Vireolanius eximius  YELLOW-BROWED SHRIKE-VIREO.  Humid forest.  Up to 1700 m in e Panama, n Colombia and w Venezuela.  Sometimes treated as a race of V. pulchellus.
Vireolanius leucotis  SLATY-CAPPED SHRIKE-VIREO.  Humid forest, second growth.  Foothills and mts., 200-2100 m from w,cs Colombia, s Venezuela and the Guianas s, w of the Andes to w Ecuador and e of the Andes through e Ecuador and e Peru to n,e Bolivia and Amazonian Brazil.

Vireo brevipennis  SLATY VIREO.  Pine-oak, oak scrub.  Highlands, 1200-2100 m of c Mexico in Jalisco, Guerrero, Morelos, Oaxaca and Veracruz.
Vireo bellii  BELL'S VIREO.  Dense brush, mesquite thickets, riparian thickets, arid scrub oak.  From coastal sc, interior, se California, s Nevada, sw Utah, nw,ec Arizona, s New Mexico, e Colorado, c Nebraska, e Dakotas, se Minnesota, s Wisconsin, ne Illinois, nw,c Indiana and w Ohio s to n Baja California, s Sonora, s Durango, Zacatecas, s Nuevo Leon, s Tamaulipas, s,e Texas, ne Louisiana, sw Tennessee and w Kentucky.
Vireo atricapillus  BLACK-CAPPED VIREO.  Dense low thickets, oak scrub on rocky hillsides.  From sc Kansas s through c Oklahoma and c Texas to c Coahuila.

Vireo nelsoni  DWARF VIREO.  Arid scrub.  Highlands of Mexico from Jalisco and Guanajuato s through Michoacán and México s to Guerrero and Oaxaca.
Vireo huttoni  HUTTON'S VIREO.  Pine-oak, oak woods, riparian woods, scrub.  From sw British Columbia s, w of the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, through w Washington, w Oregon and California to nw Baja California; s Baja California in the Cape San Lucas area; from c Arizona, sw New Mexico and w Texas s through the highlands, 1850-3500 m, of Mexico to Guatemala.

Vireo carmioli  YELLOW-WINGED VIREO.  Humid forest edge, open woods.  Mts. in Costa Rica and w Panama in w Chiriquí.  Related to huttoni.
Vireo griseus  WHITE-EYED VIREO.  Thickets, undergrowth, scrubby forest edge, brushy woods.

 The two subspecies groups are sometimes treated as separate species.
 V. g. griseus.  From e Nebraska, c Iowa, s Wisconsin, s Michigan, s Ontario, s New York and s Massachusetts s (mainly e of the Great Plains) to e San Luis Potosí, n Hidalgo, extreme n Veracruz, Tamaulipas, s Texas, the Gulf Coast, s Florida (incl. Florida Keys) and Bermuda.
V. g. perquisitor  E Mexico in ne Puebla and nc Veracruz.

Vireo pallens  MANGROVE VIREO.  Mangroves, swampy thickets.

 V. pallens, griseus, gundlachii, crassirostris and caribaeus are closely related and sometimes regarded 
as conspecific, but they are geographically separated.  Vocal differences between some of the species in this complex are known.
 V. p. pallens.  From sw Sonora s to c Costa Rica.
 V. p. semiflavus.  Gulf-Caribbean coast of the Yucatán Peninsula (incl. Holbox and Mujeres is.) to Belize and Honduras and Bay Is. s to Nicaragua.

Vireo bairdi  COZUMEL VIREO.  Heavy underbrush of deciduous forest.  Cozumel Island.
Vireo gundlachii  CUBAN VIREO.  Undergrowth, second growth.  Cuba and the Isle of Pines, incl. many smaller islands.
Vireo crassirostris  THICK-BILLED VIREO.  Scrub, shrubbery, undergrowth.

 The two subspecies may be separate species.
 V. c. crassirostris.  Bahama Is., Cayman Is. (extirpated on Little Cayman), Tortue I. off Hispaniola. 
 V. c. approximans.  Isla de Providencia off e Nicaragua.

Vireo caribaeus  ST. ANDREW VIREO.  Shrubbery, mangroves.  Isla San Andrés off e Nicaragua.  Probably closely related to and derived from V. pallens, see above.
Vireo vicinior  GREY VIREO.  Oak-juniper woods, pinyon-juniper, chaparral, mesquite, thorn scrub.  Locally from s Calif., s Nevada, s Utah, nw,c New Mexico and w Oklahoma s to nw Baja Calif., c,se Arizona, s New Mexico, w Texas and nw Coahuila.
Vireo hypochryseus  GOLDEN VIREO.  Deciduous forest, brushy slopes, arid scrub, riparian woods.  Pacific lowlands to 1500 m of w Mexico from s Sonora s to c Oaxaca, incl. the Tres Marías Islands.
Vireo modestus  JAMAICAN VIREO.  Low trees, shrubbery.  Jamaica.

Vireo nanus  FLAT-BILLED VIREO.  Dry lowland scrub, humid hilly country.  Hispaniola, incl. Gonâve Island.
Vireo latimeri  PUERTO RICAN VIREO.  Undergrowth on limestone hills, coastal shrubbery.  Puerto Rico, except eastern.
Vireo osburni  BLUE MOUNTAINS VIREO.  Low growth in forest, woods.  Hills and mts. of Jamaica.
Vireo cassinii  CASSIN'S VIREO.  Pinyon-juniper, oak woods.  Hills, mts. of w N. America from s British Columbia, n Idaho and nw Montana, s through Washington, Oregon, w Idaho and Calif. to n Baja California; s Baja Calif. in the mts. of the Cabo San Lucas area.  Formerly included in solitarius.

Vireo plumbeus  PLUMBEOUS VIREO.  Pinyon-juniper, oak woods.  Pine savanna in Belize.  Mts. from s Idaho, Wyoming, se Montana and sw S. Dakota s through sw U.S. and Mexico to Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras; pine ridge region of Belize.  Formerly included in solitarius.
Vireo solitarius  BLUE-HEADED VIREO.  Mixed coniferous-deciduous woods, humid montane forest.  From ne British Columbia, sw Mackenzie, n,c,se Alberta, Saskatchewan and c,s Manitoba e across Canada to Nova Scotia and sw Newfoundland, and s to nc N. Dakota, nc,ne Minnesota, s Wisconsin, n Illinois, sc Indiana, sc Ohio, e Pennsylvania, n New Jersey and Massachusetts; s in the Appalachians to ne Alabama, c Georgia and nw S. Carolina.
Vireo flavifrons  YELLOW-THROATED VIREO.  Open deciduous forest, woodland, riparian woods.  From s Manitoba, Minnesota, c Wisconsin, c Michigan, s Ontario, sw Quebec and New England s to e Texas, Gulf coast and c Florida.

Vireo philadelphicus  PHILADELPHIA VIREO.  Open woods, edge, second growth, towns, thickets.  From ec British Columbia, n,sc Alberta and c,s Manitoba e across s Canada to se Newfoundland, and s to nc N. Dakota, ne Minnesota, n Michigan, n New England and Prince Edward Island.
Vireo olivaceus  RED-EYED VIREO.  Deciduous forest, open woods, second growth.

 V. o. olivaceus.  From se Alaska, se,ne British Columbia, wc,sw Mackenzie, n Alberta, and nw,c Saskatchewan e across s Canada to Nova Scotia and sw Newfoundland, s to n Oregon, n Idaho, sw,c Montana, Wyoming, e Colorado, w Oklahoma, sc,e Texas, Gulf coast and s Florida.
 V. o. chivi.  Lowlands to 1700 m from Colombia, Venezuela (incl. Margarita I.), Trinidad, Tobago and Guianas s, w of the Andes to nw Peru and e of the Andes to e Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Uruguay and n,c Argentina.

Vireo flavoviridis  YELLOW-GREEN VIREO.  Open forest, woods, second growth, riparian scrub, mangroves.  Lowlands to 1500 m from c Sonora, c Nuevo León and s Texas (lower Rio Grande valley), s (incl. Tres Marías Is.) to c Panama, incl. Coiba I. and the Pearl Is.  Differs in song and wing shape from V. o. olivaceus.
Vireo sp.  CHOCO VIREO.  A new species discovered by Paul Salman in August 1991  in sw Colombia at 1400 m on the Río Ñambi.  Later found by F. G. Stiles at 1500 m in w Colombia at Alto de Pisones. 
To be named for the person who donates $105,000 (£70,000) to help pay for 30,000 hectares of forest that have been bought as a reserve (1994. Nature 368:781; Bird Life International, special publ.).

Vireo gracilirostris  NORONHA VIREO.  Woods.  Fernando de Noronha I. off e Brazil.  Usually included in chivi, but this distinct population may be allied to altiloquus.  Olson (1994. Wilson Bull. 106:1-17) presented a field study of this species and evidence supporting its species status.
Vireo altiloquus  BLACK-WHISKERED VIREO.  Mangroves, open woods, fruit groves, towns.  Coastal areas and islands in c,s Florida, Bahamas, Antilles, Cayman Is. (Little Cayman, Cayaman Brac), Providencia, Santa Catalina, San Andrés; from the Netherlands Antilles e to Margarita I.

 Sometimes merged with V. olivaceus, but songs differ and their ranges approach without evidence of intergradation.

Vireo magister  YUCATAN VIREO.  Mangroves, open woods, coastal scrub, towns.  Grand Cayman I.; Yucatán Peninsula, incl. Mujeres, Holbox and Cozumel islands, Belize, incl. small islands, and the Bay and Hog islands off Honduras.
Vireo swainsonii  WESTERN WARBLING-VIREO.  Open woods, riparian woods, thickets, pine-oak, towns.  From se Alaska, n British Columbia e to w,n Alberta, s to c Wyoming, sw S. Dakota and w Nebraska and s to California, s Nevada, c,se Arizona, mts. of Mexico s to México, Morelos and c Oaxaca; w Texas and Colorado (exc. se).
Vireo victoriae  VICTORIA MOUNTAINS WARBLING-VIREO.  Woods.  Victoria Mts., Cape San Lucas region of s Baja California.

 The warbling vireo (V. victoriae) that occurs in the oak woods of the Victoria Mts. of s Baja California usually is included in swainsonii, but it is morphologically distinct and separated from swainsonii by the deserts of central Baja California, w Mexico and by the Gulf of California. 
It seems as reasonable to consider it a separate species as it is to separate swainsonii and leucophrys from gilvus. (Sibley, C. 1940. Condor 42:255-258).

Vireo gilvus  EASTERN WARBLING-VIREO.  Open woods, riparian woods, thickets, towns.  From sw Alberta, c Saskatchewan and s Manitoba e across extreme s Canada to New Brunswick and s Nova Scotia, s to se Montana, n,e N. Dakota, e S. Dakota, e Nebraska, Kansas and se Colorado to se Texas, s Louisiana (formerly), c Mississippi, n Alabama, se Tennessee, w S. Carolina, N. Carolina and Virginia.
Vireo leucophrys  BROWN-CAPPED VIREO.  Humid forest edge, second growth, thickets, pine-oak.  Mts. 750-2500 m from e San Luis Potosí and s Tamaulipas s (locally) through Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz, e Oaxaca, Chiapas and Guatemala to Honduras; locally in mts. of Costa Rica and w,e Panama; mts. 700-2800 m from Colombia and w,n Venezuela s through the Andes of w,e Ecuador to Peru and c Bolivia.  Often included in gilvus, but differs in morphology and vocalizations.