.
Superorder Apodimorphae
Superorder APODIMORPHAE
Order APODIFORMES
Family APODIDAE
Subfamily CYPSELOIDINAE
Cypseloides niger BLACK SWIFT.
Mountain forest, seacoasts, breeding on rock faces near waterfalls.
Mts. from se Alaska, nw,c British Columbia and sw Alberta s locally through
Pacific states to s Calif.; nw Montana, Colorado, c Utah, se Arizona, nc
New Mexico; locally in highlands from Nayarit, Hidalgo and Veracruz s to
Guatemala, Honduras and Costa Rica; locally in Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola,
Puerto Rico, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia and
St. Vincent.
Cypseloides lemosi WHITE-CHESTED
SWIFT. Rocky open country, canyons. Known only from mts., 1000-1300
m, of sw Colombia.
Cypseloides rothschildi ROTHSCHILD'S
SWIFT. Open country. Foothills of nw Argentina, recorded in
s Peru and s Bolivia. Often treated as a race of C. fumigatus.
Cypseloides fumigatus SOOTY SWIFT.
Open country, forest, woodland. Lowlands of e Bolivia; se Brazil.
Cypseloides cherriei SPOT-FRONTED
SWIFT. Forest and open country, breeding on rock faces near waterfalls.
Known only from mts., 1000-1500 m, of Costa Rica; n S. America in Ecuador
and ne and cn Venezuela.
Cypseloides storeri WHITE-FRONTED
SWIFT. Presumably forest and open country. Locally in mts.,
1500-2500 m, of wc Mexico in Michoacán, Jalisco and Guerrero.
Described in 1992 from four specimens. May be a race of C. cryptus.
Cypseloides cryptus WHITE-CHINNED
SWIFT. Forest, open country. Locally in mts. to 1200 m in Colombia,
Venezuela, Guyana, Ecuador and e Peru; C America in Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica and Panama.
Cypseloides senex GREAT DUSKY SWIFT.
Forest, open country. Lowlands in c,s Brazil, Paraguay and ne Argentina.
Streptoprocne phelpsi TEPUI SWIFT.
Cliffs, rocky canyons, waterfalls. Pantepui, 400-1800 m, in s Venezuela,
nw Guyana and extreme n Brazil. Closely related to S. rutila.
Formerly in Cypseloides.
Streptoprocne rutila CHESTNUT-COLLARED
SWIFT. Forest and open country, breeding on rock faces near waterfalls.
Lowlands and mts. to 3300 m from e Sinaloa, Durango, Zacatecas, Hidalgo
and Veracruz s through Mexico and C. America to Panama, and from Colombia,
Venezuela, Trinidad and south, west of the Andes to nw Peru and e of Andes
through e Ecuador and e Peru to n Bolivia.
Formerly placed in Cypseloides or Chaetura;
see Auk 110:678, 1993.
Streptoprocne zonaris WHITE-COLLARED
SWIFT. Forest and open country, breeding on cliffs near waterfalls.
Lowlands and mts. to 3500 m from Guerrero, San Luis Potosí and Tamaulipas
s to Panama, and from Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Guianas s through
Ecuador to Peru, n,e,se Bolivia, nw Argentina and Amazonian,se Brazil;
Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola.
Streptoprocne biscutata BISCUTATE
SWIFT. Forest, open country. Lowlands of e Brazil.
Streptoprocne semicollaris WHITE-NAPED
SWIFT. Forest and open country, breeding on ledges in caves.
Locally in lowlands and mts. in Sinaloa, Chihuahua, Nayarit, Hidalgo, Morelos
and México.
Hydrochrous gigas WATERFALL SWIFT.
Forest, breeding under waterfalls. Mts. in Malaya, Sumatra, Java
and possibly Borneo.
Collocalia esculenta GLOSSY SWIFTLET.
Forest, second growth and open country, breeding in caves. Lowlands
to 1500 m in Andaman and Nicobar is., Malay Pen., Christmas I., Sumatra,
Borneo, Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Is., Moluccas, Kai Is., New Guinea, Bismarck
Arch., Solomon Is.
Collocalia marginata GREY-RUMPED
SWIFTLET. Forest, second growth, open country, breeding in caves.
Philippines. Differs from all races of esculenta by having a gray
rump (B. King, pers. comm.).
Collocalia linchi CAVE SWIFTLET.
Forest, open country, presumably breeding in caves. Lowlands and
mts., to 3000 m in Malaya, Sumatra, n Borneo, Java, Bali and Lombok.
Collocalia troglodytes PYGMY SWIFTLET.
Forest and open country, breeding in caves. Philippines, except Sulu
Archipelago.
Collocalia elaphra SEYCHELLES SWIFTLET.
Forest and open country, breeding in caves. Seychelles. May
be conspecific with C. francica, but they differ in wing/tail ratio.
Collocalia francica MASCARENE SWIFTLET.
Forest and open country, breeding in caves. W Mascarene Is. of Mauritius
and Réunion.
Collocalia unicolor INDIAN SWIFTLET.
Open country, breeding in caves. Lowlands to 2200 m in sw Pen. India
and Sri Lanka.
Collocalia mearnsi PHILIPPINE SWIFTLET.
Open country and forest, breeding in caves. Lowlands of Philippines
on Luzon, Mindoro, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Camiguin Sur, Mindanao and
Palawan.
Collocalia infuscata MOLUCCAN SWIFTLET.
Forest and open country, breeding in caves. Wallacea in c,s,se Sulawesi
and Moluccas.
Collocalia hirundinacea MOUNTAIN
SWIFTLET. Open country and forest, breeding in sinkholes and caves.
Lowlands and mts. to 4000 m of New Guinea incl. Yapen, Karkar and Dampier
is., and Goodenough I. in the D'Entrecasteaux Arch.
Collocalia spodiopygius WHITE-RUMPED
SWIFTLET. Forest and open country, breeding in caves. Sw Pacific:
Bismarck Arch.(St. Matthias Is., New Ireland, New Britain), Solomon Is.
(s to Guadalcanal), Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Loyalty Is., Fiji, Tonga and
Samoa.
Collocalia terraereginae AUSTRALIAN
SWIFTLET. Forest and open country, breeding in caves. Lowlands
to 1000 m in ne Queensland from Claudie R. s to Mackay area.
Often treated as a race of C. spodiopygius.
Collocalia brevirostris HIMALAYAN
SWIFTLET. Open rocky or mountainous country and forest, breeding
in caves. Lowlands and mts. to 3600 m in Himalayas of n,e India,
s Tibet and sw China, Burma, nw,sw Thailand, n Laos and c,s Vietnam.
Collocalia vulcanorum VOLCANO SWIFTLET.
Open rocky or mountainous country and forest, breeding in caves.
Sumatra (doubtfully) and Java. Often treated as a race of C. brevirostris.
Collocalia rogersi INDOCHINESE SWIFTLET.
Open rocky or mountainous country and forest, breeding in caves.
Nw,sw Thailand, n Laos and c,s Vietnam. Often included in C. brevirostris,
but may be closer to C. unicolor which it resembles in having bare tarsi
and lack of white barbs in body plumage.
Collocalia whiteheadi WHITEHEAD'S
SWIFTLET. Open country and forest, breeding in caves. Mts.
above 1300 m of n,s Philippines.
Collocalia nuditarsus BARE-LEGGED
SWIFTLET. Open country and forest, breeding in caves. Mts.,
1600-2300 m, of c,e New Guinea
Collocalia orientalis MAYR'S SWIFTLET.
Open country and forest, breeding in caves. Bismarck Arch. and Solomon
Is.
Collocalia salangana MOSSY-NEST
SWIFTLET. Open country and forest, breeding in caves. Lowlands
to 1000 m of Greater Sunda Is. in Sumatra, Borneo, Java, c,s,se Sulawesi
and s Philippines (Balabac).
Collocalia palawanensis PALAWAN
SWIFTLET. Open country and forest, breeding in caves. Cw Philippines.
May be a race of C. vanikorensis (B. King, pers. comm.).
Collocalia amelis GREY SWIFTLET.
Open country, coasts and towns, breeding in caves. On is. off e coast
of Borneo; Philippines on Batan is., Luzon, Marinduque, Cagayancillo, Cebu,
Bohol, Dinagat, Mindanao. May be a race of C. vanikorensis
(B. King, pers. comm.).
Collocalia vanikorensis UNIFORM
SWIFTLET. Open country and forest, breeding in caves. Lowlands
in Moluccas, Kai, Aru and w Papuan is. (Waigeo, Misool), New Guinea, Trobriand
Is., Woodlark I., D'Entrecasteaux Arch. (Goodenough, Fergusson), Louisiade
Arch., Bismarck Arch., Solomon Is., Santa Cruz Is., Vanuatu and New Caledonia;
recorded once in ne Australia in ne Queensland.
Collocalia pelewensis PALAU SWIFTLET.
Open country and forest, breeding in caves. Lowlands of Palau.
Collocalia inquieta MICRONESIAN
SWIFTLET. Lowlands of s Mariana Is. on Guam; Caroline Is. from Yap
e to Kosrae. Intro. on Oahu (Hawaiian Is.). Includes bartschi.
Collocalia sawtelli ATIU SWIFTLET.
Forest, open country. Atiu I. in the s Cook Is.
Collocalia leucophaeus TAHITI SWIFTLET.
E. Society Is. of Moorea and Tahiti.
Collocalia ocista MARQUESAN SWIFTLET.
Marquesas Is. except Hiva Oa. Usually lumped with leucophaeus.
Collocalia maxima BLACK-NEST SWIFTLET.
Open country, coasts and towns, breeding in caves. Lowlands and mts.
to 3900 m in ne India, se Tibet, Malay Pen., Sumatra, n,w,se Borneo, Java
and w Philippine I. of Palawan.
Collocalia fuciphaga EDIBLE-NEST
SWIFTLET. Open country, coasts and towns, breeding
in caves. Andaman and Nicobar is.; lowlands
and mts. to 2800 m in Vietnam, s Malay Pen. and Sumatra; s Indonesia in
Java and Lesser Sunda Is.
Collocalia germani GERMAN'S SWIFTLET.
Open country, coasts and towns, breeding in caves. Coastal lowlands
in Malay Pen., is. off n Borneo, and w,c,sw Philippines on Palawan, Cuyo
Is., Panay, Cagayancillo, Cagayan Sulu, Sulu Arch. May be a race
of C. fuciphaga. (B. King, pers. comm.).
Collocalia papuensis PAPUAN SWIFTLET.
Forest, open country near streams. Locally in lowlands and mts. to
1800 m of n New Guinea.
Mearnsia picina PHILIPPINE NEEDLETAIL.
Unknown, presumably forest. Se Philippines.
Mearnsia novaeguineae PAPUAN NEEDLETAIL.
Forest, second growth, towns. Lowlands of New Guinea.
Zoonavena grandidieri MALAGASY SPINETAIL.
Forest. Lowlands to 1000 m of Madagascar and the Comoro Islands.
Zoonavena thomensis SAO TOME SPINETAIL.
Unknown, presumably forest. Mts. of Príncipe and São
Tomé.
Zoonavena sylvatica WHITE-RUMPED
SPINETAIL. Palm groves, deciduous forest. Locally in lowlands
to 1500 m in India and Burma.
Telacanthura ussheri MOTTLED SPINETAIL.
Forest, woodland. In Senegambia, s Mali, Guinea-Bissau, Burkina Faso,
Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, s Niger, Nigeria, sw Cameroon,
Gabon, Congo, sw C. African Rep. n,ne Zaire, Uganda, Kenya and ne Tanzania
s locally to w Angola, sc Zaire, Zambia, s Malawi, n,e Zimbabwe, w Mozambique
and ne S. Africa.
Telacanthura melanopygia BLACK SPINETAIL.
Forest. Locally in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, sw
Cameroon, Gabon, sw C. African Rep. and ne Zaire.
Rhaphidura leucopygialis SILVER-RUMPED
SPINETAIL. Forest, especially near streams. Lowlands to 1200
m in Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo and Java.
Rhaphidura sabini SABINE'S SPINETAIL.
Humid forest. Locally in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana,
Nigeria, s Cameroon, Bioko I., Gabon, sw Congo, Cabinda, s C. African Rep.,
w,n,ne,ce Zaire, w Uganda and w Kenya.
Neafrapus cassini CASSIN'S SPINETAIL.
Humid forest. Lowlands in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana,
s Nigeria, sw Cameroon, Bioko I., Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo Rep.,
Cabinda, sw C. African Rep., n,nc,ce Zaire and w Uganda.
Neafrapus boehmi BAT-LIKE SPINETAIL.
Woodland, forest. Locally in Angola, sc,se Zaire, Zambia, Tanzania,
se Kenya, Malawi, s to n Namibia, n Botswana, Zimbabwe, s Mozambique and
ne S. Africa.
Hirundapus caudacutus WHITE-THROATED
NEEDLETAIL. Forest and open country, breeding in cliffs and hollow
trees. In s Siberia, Sakhalin and Kuril is., ne China, n Pakistan,
n India, s China and Taiwan.
Hirundapus cochinchinensis SILVER-BACKED
NEEDLETAIL. Forest and open country, breeding in cliffs and hollow
trees. Himalayan foothills at 600 m of c Nepal; lowlands and mts.
to 3350 m from e India, Burma and se China s to Indochina and Malaya.
Hirundapus giganteus BROWN-BACKED
NEEDLETAIL. Forest. In sw,e India, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia,
ne Laos, s Vietnam, Malaya, Andaman Is., Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Bali and
cw Philippines.
Hirundapus celebensis PURPLE NEEDLETAIL.
Forest, open country. Lowlands and hills in n Sulawesi and Philippines
on Calayan, Luzon, Mindoro, Catanduanes, Marinduque, Negros, Mindanao,
Basilan.
Chaetura spinicauda BAND-RUMPED
SWIFT. Forest, open country. Lowlands to 1500 m in sw Costa
Rica, Panama, w,n,e Colombia, s,e Venezuela, Trinidad, Guianas and Amazonian,ne
Brazil.
Chaetura egregia PALE-RUMPED SWIFT.
Forest, open country. Lowlands e of Andes in e Peru, extreme w Brazil
and n Bolivia. Closely related to C. spinicauda.
Chaetura martinica LESSER ANTILLEAN
SWIFT. Forest, woodland, open country. C. Lesser Antilles.
Chaetura cinereiventris GREY-RUMPED
SWIFT. Forest, woodland, open country. Caribbean lowlands in
s Lesser Antilles; lowlands to 1800 m from Nicaragua, Costa Rica, w Panama,
Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago and Guianas s, w of Andes to nw Peru
and e of Andes through e Ecuador and e Peru to n,e Bolivia and w Amazonian
Brazil; lowlands in se Brazil and ne Argentina.
Chaetura pelagica CHIMNEY SWIFT.
Open country, woodland, towns. E of Rocky Mts. from ec Saskatchewan
and s Manitoba e across s Canada to Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, and s
to e New Mexico, sc,s Texas, Gulf coast and sc Florida; sporadic breeding
in s Calif., possibly Arizona.
Chaetura vauxi VAUX'S SWIFT.
Forest, open country. From se Alaska, nw,s British Columbia, n Idaho
and w Montana s, mostly w of Cascades and Sierra Nevada, to c Calif.; in
sw Tamaulipas, se San Luis Potosí and Hidalgo and from Oaxaca, Veracruz
and Chiapas s to Panama; n Venezuela.
Chaetura chapmani CHAPMAN'S SWIFT.
Forest, open country. Locally in lowlands to 1600 m e of Andes from
Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Guianas, e Peru, and w,c,ne Brazil in e
Acre, c Mato Grosso, e Pará and Amapá, possibly c Panama.
Chaetura brachyura SHORT-TAILED
SWIFT. Forest, savanna, mangroves, open country, towns. Lowlands
to 1000 m in s Lesser Antilles; from c,e Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad,
Tobago and Guianas s, w of Andes to sw Ecuador and nw Peru, and e of Andes
through e Colombia and e Peru to n,e Bolivia and n,c Brazil.
Chaetura andrei ASHY-TAILED SWIFT.
Forest, open country. Lowlands to 900 m in Venezuela and Surinam;
in e,se Bolivia, e,s Brazil, n Paraguay and nw Argentina.
Schoutedenapus: Incertae sedis.
Affinities uncertain at the subfamily level (C. Collins, pers. comm.).
Schoutedenapus myoptilus SCARCE SWIFT.
Open country, possibly breeding in cliffs or caves. In Gulf of Guinea
Islands, e Zaire, extreme sSudan, s Ethiopia, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi,
w,c Kenya, ne Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, e Zimbabwe, Angola and w Mozambique.
Schoutedenapus schoutedeni SCHOUTEDEN'S
SWIFT. Open country, possibly breeding in cliffs or caves.
Known from three specimens from e Zaire.
Aeronautes saxatalis WHITE-THROATED
SWIFT. Open country, especially around cliffs and canyons where breeding.
From s British Columbia, Idaho, Montana and sw S. Dakota s to s Baja Calif.,
e to w Nebraska, ne,c New Mexico and w Texas, and s through highlands of
Mexico to Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras.
Aeronautes montivagus WHITE-TIPPED
SWIFT. Open country, forest. Locally in mts., 500-2600 m in
Colombia, Venezuela and extreme n Brazil; Andes in Peru and n Bolivia.
Aeronautes andecolus ANDEAN SWIFT.
Open country. Andes in Peru, Bolivia, n Chile and w Argentina.
Tachornis:
The three species of Tachornis sometimes are
placed in separate genera: Reinarda, Tachornis and Micropanyptila.
They are placed together in Tachornis because
all are "palm swifts", but may not be congeneric (C. Collins, pers.
comm.).
Tachornis phoenicobia ANTILLEAN PALM-SWIFT.
Palm trees, towns. In Cuba, Hispaniola and Jamaica.
Tachornis furcata PYGMY SWIFT.
Humid forest, second growth, open country. Lowlands to 500 m in the
Maracaibo Basin of ne Colombia and w Venezuela.
Tachornis squamata FORK-TAILED PALM-SWIFT.
Open country, savanna, swamps, towns. Lowlands e of Andes to 1000
m from e Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Guianas s to ne,e and Amazonian
Brazil, e Ecuador, e Peru and n Bolivia.
Panyptila sanctihieronymi GREAT SWALLOW-TAILED
SWIFT. Forest, open country, towns. S Mexico (Nayarit, Jalisco,
Colima, México, Michoacán), Guatemala and Honduras; recorded
Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
Panyptila cayennensis LESSER SWALLOW-TAILED
SWIFT. Forest, open country, towns. Lowlands to 1400 m of Gulf-Caribbean
slope of Veracruz, Oaxaca, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa
Rica, on both slopes of Panama, and from Colombia e through nc Venezuela
to Trinidad and Guianas and e of Andes in e Ecuador, e Peru, n Bolivia,
locally Amazonian,e Brazil.
Cypsiurus parvus AFRICAN PALM-SWIFT.
Palm trees, open country, savanna, towns. From s Mauritania, Senegambia,
s Mali, sw Niger, Gulf of Guinea Is., n Nigeria, s Chad, s Sudan, Ethiopia,
Somalia and sw Arabia s to n Namibia, n,e Botswana, Zimbabwe and e S. Africa.
Lowlands to 1100 m of Madagascar and the Comoros. Recorded in all
subSaharan African countries except Djibouti.
Cypsiurus balasiensis ASIAN PALM-SWIFT.
Palm trees, open scrub, towns. Lowlands to 1500 m from India and
Sri Lanka e to sw China, and s through se Asia to Sumatra, Borneo, Java,
Bali, Sulawesi and Philippines.
Tachymarptis melba ALPINE SWIFT.
Often placed in Apus. Open country, especially around cliffs, canyons
and mountains. Lowlands and mts. in s Europe, Mediterranean region
and n Africa e through Turkey, Near East, s Russia, Caucasus, Iran and
Afghanistan to Pakistan and nw,sw India and Sri Lanka. Mainly in
highlands in s Mali, Togo, Gabon, w,c Ethiopia, Eritrea, nw Somalia, sw
Arabia, ne Zaire, Uganda, Rwanda, w,c Kenya, n Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi,
Botswana and sw Angola, Namibia, Zimbabwe and S. Africa. Lowlands
to 1300 m of Madagascar. Definite breeding records in Mali, Ethiopia,
Eritrea, Yemen, Somalia, Zaire, Angola, Zimbabwe and S. Africa. May
breed in Madagascar - no records.
Tachymarptis aequatorialis MOTTLED
SWIFT. Often placed in Apus. Open country, breeding on cliffs.
Mostly locally in highlands in Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, s Ghana, Nigeria,
Cameroon, Gabon, w,c Angola; and from Chad, w Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea
s through ne,ce,se Zaire, Uganda, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania, e Zambia and
Malawi to e Zimbabwe and w Mozambique.
Apus alexandri ALEXANDER'S SWIFT.
Open country, breeding on cliffs. Cape Verde Is.
Apus apus COMMON SWIFT. Open
country and towns, breedings in cliffs, caves and buildings. From
British Isles and n Scandinavia e across nw,c Russia to sw Siberia, Mongolia
and n China, and s to nw Africa, Mediterranean region, Turkey, Near East,
Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan, n Pakistan and n India.
Apus unicolor PLAIN SWIFT.
Open country, breeding in cliffs or caves. In Madeira, Salvage and
w Canary is.
Apus niansae NYANZA SWIFT.
Open country and towns, breeding in cliffs, caves and buildings.
In n,c Ethiopia, Eritrea, nw Somalia, and highlands of Uganda, Kenya and
n Tanzania; recorded extreme ne Zaire and Congo Rep., but probably represent
vagrants or possibly misidentified specimens.
Apus pallidus PALLID SWIFT.
Open country and towns, breedings in cliffs, caves and buildings.
In e Atlantic is., coastal areas of Mediterranean region, n Africa, Mauritania,
Niger, Chad, Turkey, Near East, Arabia, Iraq and s Iran.
Apus barbatus AFRICAN SWIFT.
Open country, breeding on cliffs. Locally in s Cameroon, e,s Africa
in extreme ce Zaire, sw,e Uganda, Rwanda, w,s Kenya, n Tanzania, Malawi,
Mozambique, sw Zambia, ne Botswana, Zimbabwe and e,s S. Africa; recorded
in Sierra Leone, sw Cameroon, ne Angola and cw Namibia, but status of group
in w Africa is uncertain. Madagascar and Comoro Is.
Apus berliozi FORBES-WATSON'S SWIFT.
Arid open country. Lowlands of Somalia, including Socotra I.
Ranges to coastal Kenya.
Apus sladeniae FERNANDO PO SWIFT.
Fernando Po (Bioko) Island in the Gulf of Guinea Islands.
Apus bradfieldi BRADFIELD'S SWIFT.
Arid open country. Lowlands in sw Angola, Namibia, and nc S. Africa.
Apus balstoni MADAGASCAR SWIFT.
Open country. Lowlands to 1500 m of Madagascar.
Apus pacificus FORK-TAILED SWIFT.
Forest, open country, rocky regions and seacoasts, breeding in cliffs,
caves and buildings. From s Siberia and Kuril Is. s to Himalayas,
e Burma, nw Thailand, c Vietnam, s China, Taiwan, n Philippines, Ryukyu
and Izu is., and Japan.
Apus acuticauda DARK-RUMPED SWIFT.
Open country, breeding in cliffs. Locally in Himalayas of e India;
recorded in Nepal, Thailand and Andaman Is.
Apus affinis LITTLE SWIFT.
Open country, especially towns, breeding on rock overhangs or buildings.
From Morocco to Tunisia; from s Mauritania e through s Mali, s Niger, s
Chad and s Sudan to Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea and sw Arabia, and s to
s S. Africa (recorded in all subSaharan African countries and breeding
in most). From se Turkey, Near East e through Iran and extreme s
Russia to Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.
Apus nipalensis HOUSE SWIFT.
Open country, especially towns, breeding on rock overhangs or buildings.
Lowlands to 2000 m from n,e India e to se China, Hainan I., Taiwan and
s Japan (n to c Honshu) and s through se Asia to Sumatra, Borneo, Java,
Bali, Sulawesi and n Philippines. Often included in A. affinis, but
they are not known to intergrade.
Apus horus HORUS SWIFT. Open
country, breeding in holes in sandy banks. In Nigeria, n Cameroon,
Congo, nw,cn,ne,ce Zaire, e Sudan and Ethiopia s locally to Rwanda, Burundi,
Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, s Angola, ne Namibia,
n,e Botswana, Zimbabwe and e S. Africa.
Apus toulsoni LOANDA SWIFT.
Open country, breeding in holes in sandy banks. Sw Congo Rep. and
nw Angola.
Often treated as a white-rumped morph of A.
horus.
Apus caffer WHITE-RUMPED SWIFT.
Open country, towns, breeding in usurped mud nests of swallows. S Spain
and Morocco; from Senegambia and Mali e to Nigeria, s Chad, s,se Sudan,
w,s Ethiopia and s Somalia s to s S. Africa (except most of forested w,c
Africa and desert sw areas). Recorded in all subSaharan African countries
except Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Djibouti and Equatorial Guinea.
Apus batesi BATES'S SWIFT.
Humid forest, breeding in usurped mud nests of swallows. Locally
in Liberia, Ghana, Nigeria, s Cameroon, n Gabon, C. African Rep. and ne
Zaire.
Hemiprocne coronata CRESTED TREESWIFT.
Forest edge, second growth, open country, towns. Lowlands to 1200
m in India, sw China, Burma and Indochina.
Hemiprocne longipennis GREY-RUMPED
TREESWIFT. Forest, edge, second growth, mangroves, open country,
towns. Lowlands to 1200 m in Malay Pen., Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Bali
and Sulawesi.
Hemiprocne mystacea MOUSTACHED TREESWIFT.
Forest, edge, second growth. Lowlands to 1200 m in Moluccas, Aru
and w Papuan is., New Guinea, Bismarck Arch. and Solomon Is.
Hemiprocne comata WHISKERED TREESWIFT.
Forest edge, cleared lands. Lowlands to 1000 m in Malay Pen., Sumatra,
Borneo and Philippines.